%0 Conference Paper %B Képfeldolgozók és Alakfelismerők Társaságának 10. országos konferenciája %D 2015 %T QR kód lokalizáció kaszkádolt gyenge osztályozók használatával %A Péter Bodnár %A László Gábor Nyúl %B Képfeldolgozók és Alakfelismerők Társaságának 10. országos konferenciája %C Kecskemét, Magyarország %P 712-721 %8 Jan 2015 %G hun %9 Conference paper %0 Conference Paper %B Képfeldolgozók és Alakfelismerők Társaságának 10. országos konferenciája. %D 2015 %T Vizuális kódok lokalizációja mély egyenirányított neurális háló használatával %A Péter Bodnár %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Tamás Grósz %A László Tóth %B Képfeldolgozók és Alakfelismerők Társaságának 10. országos konferenciája. %C Kecskemét, Magyarország %P 546-561 %8 Jan 2015 %G hun %9 Conference paper %0 Conference Paper %B Képfeldolgozók és Alakfelismerők Társaságának 10. országos konferenciája %D 2015 %T Vonalkódok és természetes vizuális azonosítók felismerése valós időben %A Melinda Katona %A László Gábor Nyúl %B Képfeldolgozók és Alakfelismerők Társaságának 10. országos konferenciája %C Kecskemét, Magyarország %P 562-577 %8 Jan 2015 %G hun %9 Conference paper %0 Journal Article %J HIRADÁSTECHNIKA %D 2014 %T Automatikus azonosítás és hitelesítés vizuális kódokkal %A Melinda Katona %A László Gábor Nyúl %B HIRADÁSTECHNIKA %V 69 %P 40-47 %G eng %N 1 %9 Journal Article %) hun %0 Generic %D 2014 %T Fast recognition of natural feature identifiers by a mobile phone %A Melinda Katona %A László Gábor Nyúl %B Conference of PhD Students in Computer Science. Volume of extended abstracts %I Institute of Informatics, University of Szeged %C Szeged %P 26 %8 June 2014 %G eng %9 Abstract %0 Book Section %B Informatika a felsőoktatásban 2014 %D 2014 %T Képfeldolgozás a szegedi informatikus-képzésben %A Péter Balázs %A Endre Katona %A Zoltan Kato %A Antal Nagy %A Gábor Németh %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Kálmán Palágyi %A Attila Tanacs %A László Gábor Varga %E Roland Kunkli %E Ildikó Papp %E Edéné Rutkovszky %B Informatika a felsőoktatásban 2014 %I University of Debrecen %C Debrecen, Hungary %P 667-675 %8 2014 %G hun %9 Conference paper %0 Journal Article %J COMPUTER VISION AND IMAGE UNDERSTANDING %D 2014 %T Local and global uncertainty in binary tomographic reconstruction %A László Gábor Varga %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Antal Nagy %A Péter Balázs %X

In binary tomography the goal is to reconstruct the innerstructure of homogeneous objects from their projections. This is usually required from a low number of projections, which are also likely to be affected by noise and measurement errors. In general, the distorted and incomplete projection data holds insufficient information for the correct reconstruction of the original object. In this paper, we describe two methods for approximating the local uncertainty of the reconstructions, i.e., identifying how the information stored in the projections determine each part of the reconstructed image. These methods can measure the uncertainty of the reconstruction without any knowledge from the original object itself. Moreover, we provide a global uncertainty measure that can assess the information content of a projection set and predict the error to be expected in the reconstruction of a homogeneous object. We also give an experimental evaluation of our proposed methods, mention some of their possible applications, and describe how the uncertainty measure can be used to improve the performance of the DART reconstruction algorithm.

%B COMPUTER VISION AND IMAGE UNDERSTANDING %8 2014 %@ 1077-3142 %G eng %9 Journal article %! COMPUT VIS IMAGE UND %R 10.1016/j.cviu.2014.05.006 %0 Book Section %B International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics (ICINCO) %D 2014 %T Localization of Visual Codes in the DCT Domain Using Deep Rectier Neural Networks %A Péter Bodnár %A Tamás Grósz %A László Tóth %A László Gábor Nyúl %E Joaquim Filipe %E Oleg Gusikhin %E Kurosh Madani %E Jurek Sasiadek %B International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics (ICINCO) %I SCITEPRESS %C Setúbal %8 2014 %G eng %9 Conference paper %0 Book Section %B Orvosi Informatika 2014: A XXVII. Neumann Kollokvium konferencia-kiadványa %D 2014 %T Orvosi képfeldolgozás az SZTE Képfeldolgozás és Számítógépes Grafika Tanszéken %A László Gábor Nyúl %B Orvosi Informatika 2014: A XXVII. Neumann Kollokvium konferencia-kiadványa %I Pannon Egyetem, Veszprém %C Szeged, Hungary %P 119-122 %@ 978-963-396-040-0 %0 Generic %D 2014 %T QR Code Localization Using Boosted Cascade of Weak Classifiers %A Péter Bodnár %A László Gábor Nyúl %B Conference of PhD Students in Computer Science. Volume of Extended Abstracts %I Institute of Informatics, University of Szeged %C Szeged %P 6 - 7 %8 June 2014 %G eng %9 Abstract %0 Book Section %B Image Analysis and Recognition (ICIAR) %D 2014 %T QR Code Localization Using Boosted Cascade of Weak Classifiers %A Péter Bodnár %A László Gábor Nyúl %E Mohamed Kamel %E Aurélio Campilho %X

Usage of computer-readable visual codes became common in oureveryday life at industrial environments and private use. The reading process of visual codes consists of two steps: localization and data decoding. Unsupervised localization is desirable at industrial setups and for visually impaired people. This paper examines localization efficiency of cascade classifiers using Haar-like features, Local Binary Patterns and Histograms of Oriented Gradients, trained for the finder patterns of QR codes and for the whole code region as well, and proposes improvements in post-processing.

%B Image Analysis and Recognition (ICIAR) %S Lecture Notes In Computer Science %I Springer-Verlag %C Vilamura, Portugal %8 Oct 2014 %G eng %9 Conference paper %0 Book Section %B International Workshop on Machine Learning for Signal Processing %D 2014 %T QR code localization using deep neural networks %A Tamás Grósz %A Péter Bodnár %A László Tóth %A László Gábor Nyúl %E Mboup Mamadou %E Adali Tülay %E Eric Moreau %E Jan Larsen %E Kevin Guelton %B International Workshop on Machine Learning for Signal Processing %I IEEE %C Sep 2014, Reims, France %8 Sep 2014 %G eng %9 Conference paper %0 Book Section %B CLEF2014 Working Notes: Working Notes for CLEF 2014 Conference %D 2014 %T Wlab of University of Szeged at ImageCLEF 2014 Plant Identification Task %A András Bánhalmi %A Dénes Paczolay %A Vilmos Bilicki %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Árpád Sárosi %E Linda Cappellato %E Nicola Ferro %E Martin Halvey %E Wessel Kraai %B CLEF2014 Working Notes: Working Notes for CLEF 2014 Conference %I CEUR-WS %C Sheffield, UK %V 1180 %P 685-692 %8 Sep %G eng %9 Conference paper %0 Journal Article %J ACTA CYBERNETICA-SZEGED %D 2013 %T Barcode detection using local analysis, mathematical morphology, and clustering %A Péter Bodnár %A László Gábor Nyúl %X

Barcode detection is required in a wide range of real-lifeapplications. Imaging conditions and techniques vary considerably and each application has its own requirements for detection speed and accuracy. In our earlier works we built barcode detectors using morphological operations and uniform partitioning with several approaches and showed their behaviour on a set of test images. In this work, we extend those ideas with clustering, contrast measuring, distance transformation and probabilistic Hough transformation.

%B ACTA CYBERNETICA-SZEGED %V 21 %P 21 - 35 %8 2013 %@ 0324-721X %G eng %N 1 %9 Journal article %! ACTA CYBERN-SZEGED %0 Conference Paper %B IASTED International Conference on Computer Graphics and Imaging (CGIM) %D 2013 %T Barcode detection with uniform partitioning and distance transformation %A Péter Bodnár %A László Gábor Nyúl %E L Linsen %X

Barcode detection is required in a wide range of real-lifeapplications. Imaging conditions and techniques vary considerably and each application has its own requirements for detection speed and accuracy. In our earlier works we used uniform partitioning with several approaches for detection of various types of 1D and 2D barcodes and showed their behaviour on a set of test images. In this work, we extend the partitioning idea and replace scan-line based methods with distance transformation to improve accuracy.

%B IASTED International Conference on Computer Graphics and Imaging (CGIM) %I IASTED - Acta Press %C Innsbruck, Austria %P 48 - 53 %8 Feb 2013 %G eng %U http://www.actapress.com/PaperInfo.aspx?paperId=454988 %9 Conference paper %R 10.2316/P.2013.797-022 %0 Book Section %B Progress in Pattern Recognition, Image Analysis, Computer Vision, and Applications %D 2013 %T Directional Convexity Measure for Binary Tomography %A Tamás Sámuel Tasi %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Péter Balázs %E Gabriella Sanniti di Baja %E Jose Ruiz-Shulcloper %X

There is an increasing demand for a new measure of convexity fordiscrete sets for various applications. For example, the well- known measures for h-, v-, and hv-convexity of discrete sets in binary tomography pose rigorous criteria to be satisfied. Currently, there is no commonly accepted, unified view on what type of discrete sets should be considered nearly hv-convex, or to what extent a given discrete set can be considered convex, in case it does not satisfy the strict conditions. We propose a novel directional convexity measure for discrete sets based on various properties of the configuration of 0s and 1s in the set. It can be supported by proper theory, is easy to compute, and according to our experiments, it behaves intuitively. We expect it to become a useful alternative to other convexity measures in situations where the classical definitions cannot be used.

%B Progress in Pattern Recognition, Image Analysis, Computer Vision, and Applications %I Springer Verlag %C Berlin; Heidelberg %P 9 - 16 %8 2013 %G eng %U http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-642-41827-3_2 %9 Conference paper %R 10.1007/978-3-642-41827-3_2 %0 Book Section %B Mathematical Morphology and Its Applications to Signal and Image Processing %D 2013 %T Efficient 1D and 2D barcode detection using mathematical morphology %A Melinda Katona %A László Gábor Nyúl %E Chris L Luengo %E Gunilla Borgefors %E Robin Strand %X

Barcode technology is essential in automatic identification,and is used in a wide range of real-time applications. Different code types and applications impose special problems, so there is a continuous need for solutions with improved performance. Several methods exist for code localization, that are well characterized by accuracy and speed. Particularly, high-speed processing places need reliable automatic barcode localization, e.g. conveyor belts and automated production, where missed detections cause loss of profit. Our goal is to detect automatically, rapidly and accurately the barcode location with the help of extracted image features. We propose a new algorithm variant, that outperforms in both accuracy and efficiency other detectors found in the literature using similar ideas, and also improves on the detection performance in detecting 2D codes compared to our previous algorithm.

%B Mathematical Morphology and Its Applications to Signal and Image Processing %I Springer-Verlag %C Berlin; Heidelberg %P 464 - 475 %8 May 2013 %G eng %9 Conference paper %0 Conference Paper %B A Képfeldolgozók és Alakfelismerők Társaságának konferenciája - KÉPAF 2013 %D 2013 %T Improved 1D and 2D barcode detection with morphological operations %A Melinda Katona %A László Gábor Nyúl %E László Czúni %B A Képfeldolgozók és Alakfelismerők Társaságának konferenciája - KÉPAF 2013 %I NJSZT-KÉPAF %C Veszprém %P 309 - 324 %8 Jan 2013 %G eng %9 Conference paper %0 Book Section %B Proceedings of the IASTED International Conference on Signal Processing, Pattern Recognition and Applications (SPPRA 2013) %D 2013 %T Local uncertainty in binary tomographic reconstruction %A László Gábor Varga %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Antal Nagy %A Péter Balázs %E Martin Kampel %X

We describe a new approach for the uncertainty problem arisingin the field of discrete tomography, when the low number of projections does not hold enough information for an accurate, and reliable reconstruction. In this case the lack of information results in uncertain parts on the reconstructed image which are not determined by the projections and cannot be reliably reconstructed without additional information. We provide a method that can approximate this local uncertainty of reconstructions, and show how each pixel of the reconstructed image is determined by a set of given projections. We also give experimental results for validating our approach.

%B Proceedings of the IASTED International Conference on Signal Processing, Pattern Recognition and Applications (SPPRA 2013) %I IASTED - Acta Press %C Calgary %P 490 - 496 %8 Feb 2013 %G eng %9 Conference paper %R 10.2316/P.2013.798-067 %0 Book Section %B Image Analysis and Recognition (ICIAR) %D 2013 %T A Novel Method for Barcode Localization in Image Domain %A Péter Bodnár %A László Gábor Nyúl %E Mohamed Kamel %E Aurélio Campilho %X

Barcode localization is an essential step of the barcode readingprocess. For industrial environments, having high-resolution cameras and eventful scenarios, fast and reliable localization is crucial. Images acquired in those setups have limited parameters, however, they vary at each application. In earlier works we have already presented various barcode features to track for localization process. In this paper, we present a novel approach for fast barcode localization using a limited set of pixels in image domain.

%B Image Analysis and Recognition (ICIAR) %S Lecture Notes in Computer Science %I Springer-Verlag %C Berlin %P 189 - 196 %8 June 2013 %G eng %9 Conference paper %R 10.1007/978-3-642-39094-4_22 %0 Conference Paper %B A Képfeldolgozók és Alakfelismerők Társaságának konferenciája - KÉPAF 2013 %D 2013 %T Vizuális kódok lokalizálásának javítása egyszerű jellemzők kombinációjával %A Péter Bodnár %A László Gábor Nyúl %E László Czúni %B A Képfeldolgozók és Alakfelismerők Társaságának konferenciája - KÉPAF 2013 %I NJSZT-KÉPAF %C Veszprém %P 483 - 495 %8 Jan 2013 %G hun %9 Conference paper %0 Conference Paper %B Proceedings of the IASTED International Conference on Signal Processing, Pattern Recognition, and Applications (SPPRA) %D 2012 %T Barcode Detection with Morphological Operations and Clustering %A Péter Bodnár %A László Gábor Nyúl %E M Petrou %E A D Sappa %E A G Triantafyllidis %X

Barcode detection has many applications and detection methods. Each application has its own requirements for speed and detection accuracy. Fine-tuning, upgrading or combining existing methods gives fast and robust solutions for detection. Modern computer vision techniques help the whole process to be fully automated. Different detection approaches are examined in this paper, and new methods are introduced.

%B Proceedings of the IASTED International Conference on Signal Processing, Pattern Recognition, and Applications (SPPRA) %I IASTED - Acta Press %C Crete, Greek %P 51 - 57 %8 June 2012 %G eng %9 Conference paper %R 10.2316/P.2012.778-014 %0 Generic %D 2012 %T Barcode Detection with Uniform Partitioning and Morphological Operations %A Péter Bodnár %A László Gábor Nyúl %B Conference of PhD students in computer science. Volume of Extended Abstracts. %I University of Szeged, Institute of Informatics %C Szeged %P 4 - 5 %8 June 2012 %G eng %9 Abstract %0 Conference Paper %B Proceedings of the International Conference on Signal Image Technology & Internet Systems (SITIS) %D 2012 %T Improving barcode detection with combination of simple detectors %A Péter Bodnár %A László Gábor Nyúl %E Kokou Yetongnon %E Richard Chbeir %E Albert Dipanda %E Luigi Gallo %X

Barcode detection is required in a wide range of real-life applications. Imaging conditions and techniques vary considerably and each application has its own requirements for detection speed and accuracy. In our earlier works we built barcode detectors using morphological operations and uniform partitioning with several approaches and showed their behaviour on a set of test images. In this work, we examine ensemble efficiency of those simple detectors using various aggregation methods. Using a combination of several simple features localization performance improves significantly.

 

%B Proceedings of the International Conference on Signal Image Technology & Internet Systems (SITIS) %I IEEE %C Naples, Italy %P 300 - 306 %8 Nov 2012 %G eng %9 Conference paper %M 13227628 %R 10.1109/SITIS.2012.52 %0 Conference Paper %B Proceedings of the International Conference on Signal Image Technology & Internet Systems (SITIS) %D 2012 %T A novel method for accurate and efficient barcode detection with morphological operations %A Melinda Katona %A László Gábor Nyúl %E Kokou Yetongnon %E Richard Chbeir %E Albert Dipanda %E Luigi Gallo %X

Barcode technology is the pillar of automatic identification, that is used in a wide range of real-time applications with various types of codes. The different types of codes and applications impose special problems, so there is a continuous need for solutions with improved effectiveness. There are several methods for barcode localization, that are well characterized by accuracy and speed. Particularly, high-speed processing places need automatic barcode localization, e.g. conveyor belts, automated production, where missed detections cause loss of profit. In this paper, we mainly deal with segmentation of images with 1D barcode, but also analyze the operation of different methods for 2D barcode images as well. Our goal is to detect automatically, rapidly and accurately the barcode location by the help of extracted features. We compare some published method from the literature, which basically rely on the contrast between the background and the shape that represent the code. We also propose a novel algorithm, that outperforms the others in both accuracy and efficiency in detecting 1D codes.

 

%B Proceedings of the International Conference on Signal Image Technology & Internet Systems (SITIS) %I IEEE %C Naples, Italy %P 307 - 314 %8 Nov 2012 %@ 978-1-4673-5152-2 %G eng %9 Conference paper %M 13227629 %R 10.1109/SITIS.2012.53 %0 Conference Proceedings %B Multispectral Image Acquisition, Processing, and Analysis (MIPPR) %D 2011 %T MIPPR 2011: Multispectral Image Acquisition, Processing, and Analysis %E Zhigou Cao %E Aaron Fenster %E László Gábor Nyúl %E Chao Cai %B Multispectral Image Acquisition, Processing, and Analysis (MIPPR) %I SPIE %C Guilin, China %V 8002 %8 2011 %G eng %9 Conference proceedings %0 Journal Article %J MEDICAL IMAGE ANALYSIS %D 2010 %T Glaucoma Risk Index: Automated glaucoma detection from color fundus images %A Rudriger Bock %A Jörg Meier %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Joachim Hornegger %A Georg Michelson %X

Glaucoma as a neurodegeneration of the optic nerve is one of themost common causes of blindness. Because revitalization of the degenerated nerve fibers of the optic nerve is impossible early detection of the disease is essential. This can be supported by a robust and automated mass-screening. We propose a novel automated glaucoma detection system that operates on inexpensive to acquire and widely used digital color fundus images. After a glaucoma specific preprocessing, different generic feature types are compressed by an appearance-based dimension reduction technique. Subsequently, a probabilistic two-stage classification scheme combines these features types to extract the novel Glaucoma Risk Index (GRI) that shows a reasonable glaucoma detection performance. On a sample set of 575 fundus images a classification accuracy of 80% has been achieved in a 5-fold cross-validation setup. The GRI gains a competitive area under ROC (AUC) of 88% compared to the established topography- based glaucoma probability score of scanning laser tomography with AUC of 87%. The proposed color fundus image-based GRI achieves a competitive and reliable detection performance on a low-priced modality by the statistical analysis of entire images of the optic nerve head.

%B MEDICAL IMAGE ANALYSIS %V 14 %P 471 - 481 %8 2010 %@ 1361-8415 %G eng %N 3 %9 Journal article %! MED IMAGE ANAL %0 Thesis %D 2010 %T Image analysis methods for medical research, diagnostic and therapeutic applications %A László Gábor Nyúl %8 2010 %G eng %9 PhD Thesis %0 Patent %D 2009 %T Method and system for automatically segmenting organs from three dimensional computed tomography images %A Márta Fidrich %A Eörs Máté %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Attila Kuba %A Bence Kiss %C Amerikai Egyesült Államok %V US20050907690 %8 2009 %G eng %N US7545979 %0 Book %D 2009 %T MIPPR 2009: Multispectral Image Acquisition and Processing %E Jayaram K Udupa %E Nong Sang %E László Gábor Nyúl %E Hengqing Tong %I SPIE %C Bellingham; Washington %V 7494 %8 Oct 2009 %@ 9780819478054 %G eng %9 Book %0 Journal Article %J INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE %D 2009 %T Multimodal Automated Glaucoma Detection Combining the Glaucoma Probability Score and the Glaucoma Risk Index %A Rudriger Bock %A Jörg Meier %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Joachim Hornegger %A Georg Michelson %X

Purpose:Fundus camera and Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT) arecommonly used for reliable glaucoma diagnosis. Quantitative glaucoma scores, however, do not utilize both image content simultaneously. We propose the combination of topography and fundus image based indices for automated glaucoma detection which outperforms their sole application of either. Methods:The probabilistic values of topography based Glaucoma Probability Score (GPS) and our fundus image based Glaucoma Risk Index (GRI) are assembled to a two-dimensional feature space. In contrast to established methods the subsequent application of a probabilistic nu-Support Vector Machine classifier (nu = 0.5, kernel: radial basis function) uses both the topographic and the textural information to determine a final glaucoma probability. Instances labeled with a final probability greater than 0.5 are considered glaucomatous.For the evaluations in a 10-fold cross- validation setup, we took a sample set (mean age: 55.4 ± 10.9 years) of papilla images of 149 glaucomatous patients (FDT test time 67.4 ± 35.6 s) and 246 normals from the Erlangen Glaucoma Registry. The gold standard diagnosis was given by a glaucoma specialist based on an elaborate ophthalmological examination with ophthalmoscopy, visual field, IOP, FDT, and HRT II. The GPS was calculated by HRT device while papilla centered color fundus images (Kowa non-myd, FOV 22°) were used to calculate the GRI. Results:The classification of the GRI resulted in an area under ROC curve (AUC) of 0.81 with an F-measure of 0.71 for glaucomatous cases and 0.83 for normals. The GPS achieved an AUC of 0.86 while the F-measure for glaucoma was 0.74 (F-measure for healthy was 0.84).The combination of both indices clearly increased the AUC by 4% up to 0.9 compared to the sole application of the GPS. The F-measure for glaucomatous images was improved up to 0.76 (F-measure for healthy images was 0.86). Conclusions:The proposed combination of the topography based GPS and the fundus image based GRI shows superior performance compared to either index alone.Both indices utilize complementary information about the glaucoma disease. Consequently, this multimodal combined application of both indices is promising to reach a more reliable automated glaucoma detection performance. The approach can be used in large screening applications where an automated tool is essential to support the experts in finding glaucomatous eyes.

%B INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE %V 50 %P 324 %8 2009 %@ 0146-0404 %G eng %N 5 %9 Abstract %! INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI %0 Journal Article %J DISCRETE APPLIED MATHEMATICS %D 2009 %T Preface to the Special Issue %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Kálmán Palágyi %B DISCRETE APPLIED MATHEMATICS %V 157 %P 437 %8 2009/// %@ 0166-218X %G eng %N 3 %! DISCRETE APPL MATH %0 Book Section %B MIPPR 2009: Medical Imaging, Parallel Processing of Images, and Optimization Techniques %D 2009 %T Retinal image analysis for automated glaucoma risk evaluation %A László Gábor Nyúl %E Jianguo Liu %E Kunio Doi %E Aaron Fenster %E C S Chan %X

Images of the eye ground not only provide an insight toimportant parts of the visual system but also reflect the general state of health of the entire human body. Automatic retina image analysis is becoming an important screening tool for early detection of certain risks and diseases. Glaucoma is one of the most common causes of blindness and is becoming even more important considering the ageing society. Robust mass-screening may help to extend the symptom-free life of affected patients. Our research is focused on a novel automated classification system for glaucoma, based on image features from fundus photographs. Our new data-driven approach requires no manual assistance and does not depend on explicit structure segmentation and measurements. First, disease independent variations, such as nonuniform illumination, size differences, and blood vessels are eliminated from the images. Then, the extracted high-dimensional feature vectors are compressed via PCA and combined before classification with SVMs takes place. The technique achieves an accuracy of detecting glaucomatous retina fundus images comparable to that of human experts. The “vessel- free” images and intermediate output of the methods are novel representations of the data for the physicians that may provide new insight into and help to better understand glaucoma.

%B MIPPR 2009: Medical Imaging, Parallel Processing of Images, and Optimization Techniques %I SPIE %C Bellingham; Washington %P 74971C-1 - 74971C-9 %8 2009 %G eng %R 10.1117/12.851179 %0 Journal Article %J INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE %D 2008 %T Automated Glaucoma Detection From Color Fundus Photographs %A Rudriger Bock %A Jörg Meier %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Joachim Hornegger %A Georg Michelson %X

Purpose:The presentation of a novel fully automated system thatseparates glaucomatous from healthy cases based on digital fundus images. Methods:A pre-processing step eliminates certain disease independent variations such as illumination inhomogeneities, papilla size differences and vessel structures from the input images. In order to characterize glaucomatous changes, generic feature types (pixel intensities, frequency coefficients, histogram parameters, Gabor textures, spline coefficients) are extracted. In contrast to existing approaches, each feature vector is compressed by Principal Component Analysis. The classification of the transformed features is done by a state- of-the-art nu-Support Vector Machine.For the elaborate experimental evaluation of the proposed system architecture we took a large set of papilla-centered color fundus images of 100 glaucoma patients (FDT test time 67.25 ± 33.4 s) and 100 normals (overall mean age 57.0 ± 10.0 years) from the Erlangen Glaucoma Registry (Kowa non-myd, FOV 22,5°). The gold standard was given by an experienced ophthalmologist based on a complete ophthalmological examination with ophthalmoscopy, visual field, IOP, FDT, and HRT II. Results:Classification of compressed raw pixel intensities gained a success rate of 83% with a specificity of 0.72 and a sensitivity of 0.94 to detect glaucomatous cases. A success rate of 86% was achieved by using spline coefficients with a specificity of 0.78 and a sensitivity of 0.94 to detect glaucoma. The combination of both features slightly increased specificity to 0.82 (sensitivity = 0.92). The kappa statistic of 0.74 states a robust classification scheme. Conclusions:The proposed algorithm achieves a robust and competitive glaucoma detection rate. It is comparable to known methods applied to topographic papilla images and does not depend on segmentation-based measurements. For the first time, automated glaucoma detection is performed on color fundus images. Thus, fundus photography is an appropriate modality for computer-assisted glaucoma screening.

%B INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE %V 49 %P 1863 %8 2008 %@ 0146-0404 %G eng %N 5 %9 Journal article %! INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI %0 Journal Article %J INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE %D 2008 %T The Erlanger Glaucoma Matrix - A Visualization Approach Towards Optimal Glaucomatous Optic Nerve Head Image Presentation %A Jörg Meier %A Rudriger Bock %A C Forman %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Joachim Hornegger %A Georg Michelson %X

Purpose:Presentation of a two-dimensional visualization approachfor intuitive and reliable glaucoma diagnosis and for setting a current observation into a relationship with pre-diagnosed data. Methods:We present a new matrix visualization technique for digital optic nerve head images. The matrix is filled with 300 pre-diagnosed reference images which show different papilla sizes and varying stages of glaucoma disease. In matrix rows the samples range from healthy ones to advanced glaucoma cases. In matrix columns the papillas are ordered by the size of the optic nerve head. The approach generalizes such that the samples can be ordered by additional criteria, too, e. g. subjects' age or anamnestic risk factors. Furthermore arbitrary image modalities and image numbers can be incorporated. Results:The glaucoma classification of a single image is difficult even for experts. Our proposed visualization provides an intuitive way for neighborhood comparisons of optic nerve head images. It allows to evaluate an image in the context of given pre-diagnosed reference samples. By the two-dimensional presentation one can study disease-dependent changes separate from other variations. Glaucoma progression can be observed separated from size variations. Thus, it supports diagnosis even in problematic cases such as macropapillas. The trustworthiness of physicians' diagnosis can be improved. Conclusions:Our approach gives insights on glaucomatous optic nerve appearance in relation to varying papilla sizes. The novel visualization of a single image within the context of other images is considered as an important tool for learning and training medical glaucoma detection. This approach visualizes computer calculated risk estimations by presenting the result within context of given gold-standard images. In contrast to pure classification systems our method does not come up with a hard decision but explains the relationship to similar pre- diagnosed cases.

%B INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE %I Arvo %V 49 %P 1893 %8 May 2008 %@ 0146-0404 %G eng %N 5 %9 Journal article %! INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI %0 Journal Article %J MEDICAL PHYSICS %D 2008 %T Geometrical model-based segmentation of the organs of sight on CT images %A György Bekes %A Eörs Máté %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Attila Kuba %A Márta Fidrich %X

Segmentation of organs of sight such as the eyeballs, lenses,and optic nerves is a time consuming task for clinicians. The small size of the organs and the similar density of the surrounding tissues make the segmentation difficult. We developed a new algorithm to segment these organs with minimal user interaction. The algorithm needs only three seed points to fit an initial geometrical model to start an effective segmentation. The clinical evaluation shows that the output of our method is useful in clinical practice.

%B MEDICAL PHYSICS %V 35 %P 735 - 743 %8 Feb 2008 %@ 0094-2405 %G eng %N 2 %9 Journal article %! MED PHYS %0 Book Section %B Informatika a felsőoktatásban 2008 %D 2008 %T A képfeldolgozás kutatása a Szegedi Tudományegyetemen %A Péter Balázs %A Balázs Erdőhelyi %A Endre Katona %A Zoltan Kato %A Eörs Máté %A Antal Nagy %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Kálmán Palágyi %A Attila Tanacs %E Attila Pethő %E Miklós Herdon %X A digitális képfeldolgozás kutatásának a Szegedi TudományegyetemTermészettudományi és Informatikai Karán, az Informatikai Tanszékcsoport Képfeldolgozás és Számítógépes Grafika Tanszékén közel négy évtizedes hagyománya van. A Tanszék valamennyi munkatársa nemzetközileg elismert kutatómunkát folytat, melyet már több száz rangos publikáció fémjelez. Számos, a képfeldolgozás kutatásában vezető egyetemmel és kutatóintézettel építettünk ki szoros kapcsolatot és folytattunk eredményes kutatómunkát, aktív résztvevői vagyunk a hazai és a nemzetközi tudományos közéletnek. A legfontosabb, jelenleg is folyó kutatásaink: orvosi képek feldolgozása, diszkrét tomográfia, képszegmentálás, térinformatika, távérzékelés, képregisztráció, vázkijelölés, műtéti tervezés. %B Informatika a felsőoktatásban 2008 %I Debreceni Egyetem Informatikai Kar %C Debrecen %8 2008/// %G eng %U http://www.agr.unideb.hu/if2008/kiadvany/papers/E62.pdf %0 Book Section %B Analysis of Biomedical Signals and Images %D 2008 %T Novel Visualization Approach of an Automated Image Based Glaucoma Risk Index for Intuitive Diagnosis %A Jörg Meier %A Rudriger Bock %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Joachim Hornegger %A Georg Michelson %E Jiří Jan %E Jiří Konzuplik %E Ivo Provazník %X

Glaucoma is one of the most common causes for blindnessworldwide. Screening is adequate to detect glaucoma at an early stage. Although it is supported by computer assisted tools no further information from former clinical studies is incorporated. We devised a novel visualization tool that presents additional comparative image data for the diagnosis process. Automated computation of a glaucoma risk index on color fundus photographs is used to initially position an undiagnosed image in reference data. The index achieves a competitive glaucoma detection rate. The combination of the automated risk index and the new visualization technique is an important tool towards a faster and more reliable diagnosis of glaucoma.

%B Analysis of Biomedical Signals and Images %I Brno University of Technology %C Brno %P 205 - 209 %8 2008/// %G eng %0 Patent %D 2008 %T Systems and methods for segmenting an organ in a plurality of images %A Márta Fidrich %A Géza Makay %A Eörs Máté %A Emese Balogh %A Attila Kuba %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Judit Kanyó %C Amerikai Egyesült Államok %V US20040858241 %8 2008 %G eng %N US7388973 %0 Book Section %B Image Processing in Radiology %D 2008 %T Techniques of Virtual Dissection of the Colon Based on Spiral CT Data %A Erich Sorantin %A Emese Balogh %A Anna Vilanova Bartroli %A Kálmán Palágyi %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Franz Lindbichler %A Andrea Ruppert %E Emanuele Neri %E Davide Caramella %E Carlo Bartolozzi %X

Colorectal cancer represents the third most commonly diagnosedcancer and is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States (Gazelle et al. 2000). In addition, colorectal cancer is responsible for about 11% of all new cancer cases per year (Gazelle et al. 2000). Five-year prognosis is about 90% for patients with localized disease compared to 60% if there is a regional spread and a drop to 10% in patients with distant metastasis (Gazelle et al. 2000). In the field of medicine there is a widely accepted opinion that most colorectal cancers arise from pre-existent adenomatous polyps (Johnson 2000). Therefore, different societies, such as the American Cancer Society, have proposed screening for colorectal cancer (Byers et al. 1997; Winawer et al. 1997). Today, different options exist for detection of colorectal cancer, including digital rectal examination, fecal occult blood testing, flexible and rigid sigmoidoscopy, barium enema and its variants, colonoscopy and recently computed tomography or magnetic resonance-based virtual colonography (Gazelle et al. 2000).

%B Image Processing in Radiology %I Springer-Verlag %C Berlin %P 257 - 268 %8 2008 %G eng %9 Book chapter %R 10.1007/978-3-540-49830-8_18 %0 Journal Article %J INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER ASSISTED RADIOLOGY AND SURGERY %D 2007 %T 3D segmentation of liver, kidneys and spleen from CT images %A György Bekes %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Eörs Máté %A Attila Kuba %A Márta Fidrich %X

The clinicians often need to segment the abdominal organs forradiotherapy planning. Manual segmentation of these organs is very time-consuming, therefore automated methods are desired. We developed a semi-automatic segmentation method to outline liver, spleen and kidneys. It works on CT images without contrast intake that are acquired with a routine clinical protocol. From an initial surface around a user defined seed point, the segmentation of the organ is obtained by an active surface algorithm. Pre- and post-processing steps are used to adapt the general method for specific organs. The evaluation results show that the accuracy of our method is about 90%, which can be further improved with little manual editing, and that the precision is slightly higher than that of manual contouring. Our method is accurate, precise and fast enough to use in the clinical practice.

%B INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER ASSISTED RADIOLOGY AND SURGERY %V 2 %P S45 - S47 %8 June 2007 %@ 1861-6410 %G eng %N 1 SUPPL. %9 Jounal article %! INT J COMPUT ASSIST RADIOL SURG %0 Book Section %B 3rd Russian-Bavarian Conference on Bio-Medical Engineering, Proceedings %D 2007 %T Appearance-based Approach to Extract an Age-related Biomarker from Retinal Images %A Rudriger Bock %A Jörg Meier %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Simone Wärntges %A Georg Michelson %A Joachim Hornegger %E Joachim Hornegger %E Ernst W Mayr %E Sergey Schookin %E Hubertus Feußner %E Nassir Navab %E Yuri V. Gulyaev %E Kurt Höller %E Victor Ganzha %X

We present an appearance-based method that extracts a new age-related biomarker from retina images. The Principal Component Analysis is applied on intensity values of the illumination corrected green channel of fundus images. The algorithm does not use segmentation, is robust and shows a high range of reliability. It identified an age-related feature with a strong influence of the temporal parapapillary area and the optic nerve head. The feature correlates with chronological age of the participants and is significantly influenced by the appearance of cardiovascular risk factors such as smoking and hypertension, and thus it can be designated a biomarker. We extract and validate a medical parameter from retina images applying a purely data-driven approach without using any prior knowledge.

%B 3rd Russian-Bavarian Conference on Bio-Medical Engineering, Proceedings %I Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg %C Erlangen %V 1 %P 127 - 131 %8 2007 %G eng %9 Conference paper %0 Book Section %B Pattern Recognition %D 2007 %T Classifying Glaucoma with Image-based Features from Fundus Photographs %A Rudriger Bock %A Jörg Meier %A Georg Michelson %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Joachim Hornegger %E Fred A Hamprecht %E Christoph Schnorr %E Bernd Jähne %X

Glaucoma is one of the most common causes of blindness and it isbecoming even more important considering the ageing society. Because healing of died retinal nerve fibers is not possible early detection and prevention is essential. Robust, automated mass-screening will help to extend the symptom-free life of affected patients. We devised a novel, automated, appearance based glaucoma classification system that does not depend on segmentation based measurements. Our purely data-driven approach is applicable in large-scale screening examinations. It applies a standard pattern recognition pipeline with a 2-stage classification step. Several types of image-based features were analyzed and are combined to capture glaucomatous structures. Certain disease independent variations such as illumination inhomogeneities, size differences, and vessel structures are eliminated in the preprocessing phase. The “vessel-free” images and intermediate results of the methods are novel representations of the data for the physicians that may provide new insight into and help to better understand glaucoma. Our system achieves 86 % success rate on a data set containing a mixture of 200 real images of healthy and glaucomatous eyes. The performance of the system is comparable to human medical experts in detecting glaucomatous retina fundus images.

%B Pattern Recognition %S Lecture Notes in Computer Science %I Springer Verlag %C Heidelberg %P 355 - 364 %8 Sep 2007 %@ 978-3-540-74933-2 %G eng %9 Conference paper %! LNCS %R 10.1007/978-3-540-74936-3_36 %0 Book Section %B Computer Analysis of Images and Patterns %D 2007 %T Effects of Preprocessing Eye Fundus Images on Appearance Based Glaucoma Classification %A Jörg Meier %A Rudriger Bock %A Georg Michelson %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Joachim Hornegger %E Walter G Kropatsch %E Martin Kampel %E Allan Hanbury %X

Early detection of glaucoma is essential for preventing one ofthe most common causes of blindness. Our research is focused on a novel automated classification system based on image features from fundus photographs which does not depend on structure segmentation or prior expert knowledge. Our new data driven approach that needs no manual assistance achieves an accuracy of detecting glaucomatous retina fundus images compareable to human experts. In this paper, we study image preprocessing methods to provide better input for more reliable automated glaucoma detection. We reduce disease independent variations without removing information that discriminates between images of healthy and glaucomatous eyes. In particular, nonuniform illumination is corrected, blood vessels are inpainted and the region of interest is normalized before feature extraction and subsequent classification. The effect of these steps was evaluated using principal component analysis for dimension reduction and support vector machine as classifier.

%B Computer Analysis of Images and Patterns %S Lecture Notes in Computer Science %I Springer Verlag %C Berlin; Heidelberg %P 165 - 172 %8 Aug 2007 %@ 978-3-540-74271-5 %G eng %9 Conference paper %! LNCS %R 10.1007/978-3-540-74272-2_21 %0 Journal Article %J INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE %D 2007 %T Extraction of an Age-Related Biomarker From Retinal Images Using Appearance Based Approach %A Georg Michelson %A Simone Wärntges %A Rudriger Bock %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Joachim Hornegger %X

Purpose:To develop an appropriate algorithm from retina imagesusing an appearance-based version of the Principal Component Analysis and to test the age-related biomarker’s significance for patients at cardiovascular risk. Methods:Sixty-five men (age, 44.2 ± 11.4 years) and 60 women (age, 48.8 ± 12.6 years) without cardiovascular risk factors and without pathologic eye diagnosis were acquired during a clinical non-experimental cross-sectional survey and represented the control group. Forty-four hypertensive men (age, 45.5 ± 9.4 years; hypertensive for 5.9 ± 6.7 years) and 26 hypertensive women (age, 51.2 ± 7.3 years; hypertensive for 7.9 ± 7.1 years) as well as 57 male smokers (age, 41.8 ± 8.5 years; smoking for 20.6 ± 9.8 years; 15.3 ± 8.6 cigarettes per day) and 60 female smokers (age, 43.2 ± 9.5 years; smoking for 20.1 ± 10.7 years; 13.5 ± 8.1 cigarettes per day) were matched for age and sex to the respective number of control subjects. Results:The reliability of the algorithm was 0.958. The retinal biomarker correlated with age (men, -0.284, p = 0.017; women, -0.374, p = 0.001). Smokers showed a lower biomarker value (male, -0.16 ± 1.29; female, -0.12 ± 0.11) than age-matched control subjects (male, 0.72 ± 0.92, p < 0.001; female, 0.24 ± 0.98, p = 0.048). Hypertension had a similar influence to the biomarker in men (0.10 ± 0.84), but not in women (-0.46 ± 1.23) as compared to age-matched controls (male, 0.57 ± 0.95, p = 0.01; female, 0.06 ± 0.99, p = 0.09). Conclusions:The algorithm of the appearance-based version of the Principal Component Analysis identified an age-related image feature dependent on light intensity with a strong influence to the temporal parapapillary area. It may be used to identify patients at cardiovascular risk.

%B INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE %V 48 %P 2167 %8 2007 %@ 0146-0404 %G eng %N 5 %9 Journal article %! INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI %0 Book Section %B 52nd IWK - Internationales Wissenschaftliches Kolloquium - Volume II. %D 2007 %T Eye Fundus Image Processing System for Automated Glaucoma Classification %A Jörg Meier %A Rudriger Bock %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Georg Michelson %E P Scharff %B 52nd IWK - Internationales Wissenschaftliches Kolloquium - Volume II. %I Technische Universitat %C Ilmenau %P 81 - 84 %8 Sep 2007 %G eng %U http://www.db-thueringen.de/servlets/DerivateServlet/Derivate-12272/IWK_2007_2.pdf %9 Conference paper %0 Conference Paper %B BMT 2007: 41. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Biomedizinische Technik im VDE %D 2007 %T Retina Image Analysis System for Glaucoma Detection %A Rudriger Bock %A Jörg Meier %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Georg Michelson %A Joachim Hornegger %B BMT 2007: 41. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Biomedizinische Technik im VDE %C Aachen, Germany %8 Sep 2007 %G eng %9 Conference paper %0 Book Section %B Bildverarbeitung für die Medizin 2007 %D 2007 %T Whole Body MRI Intensity Standardization %A Florian Jäger %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Bernd Frericks %A Frank Wacker %A Joachim Hornegger %E Alexander Horsch %E Thomas Martin Deserno %E Heinz Handels %E Hans-Peter Meinzer %E Thomas Tolxdorff %X

A major problem of segmentation of magnetic resonance images isthat intensities are not standardized like in computed tomography. This article deals with the correction of inter volume intensity differences that lead to a missing anatomical meaning of the observed gray values. We present a method for MRI intensity standardization of whole body MRI scans. The approach is based on the alignment of a learned reference and the current histogram. Each of these histograms is at least 2-d and represents two or more MRI sequences (e.g., T1- and T2-weighted images). From the matching a non-linear correction function is gained which describes a mapping between the intensity spaces and consequently adapts the image statistics to a known standard. As the proposed intensity standardization is based on the statistics of the data sets only, it is independent from spatial coherences or prior segmentations of the reference and newly acquired images. Furthermore, it is not designed for a particular application, body region or acquisition protocol. The method was evaluated on whole body MRI scans containing data sets acquired by T1/FL2D and T2/TIRM sequences. In order to demonstrate the applicability, examples from noisy and pathological image series acquired on a whole body MRI scanner are given.

%B Bildverarbeitung für die Medizin 2007 %S Informatik aktuell %I Springer-Verlag %C München, Germany %P 459 - 463 %8 March 2007 %@ 978-3-540-71090-5 %G eng %9 Conference paper %R 10.1007/978-3-540-71091-2_92 %0 Book Section %B Discrete Geometry for Computer Imagery %D 2006 %T A benchmark evaluation of large-scale optimization approaches to binary tomography %A Stefan Weber %A Antal Nagy %A Thomas Schulle %A Christoph Schnorr %A Attila Kuba %E Attila Kuba %E László Gábor Nyúl %E Kálmán Palágyi %B Discrete Geometry for Computer Imagery %I Springer-Verlag %C Berlin; Heidelberg %P 146 - 156 %8 2006 %G eng %0 Conference Proceedings %B Discrete Geometry for Computer Imagery %D 2006 %T Discrete Geometry for Computer Imagery %E Attila Kuba %E László Gábor Nyúl %E Kálmán Palágyi %X

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Discrete Geometry for Computer Imagery, DGCI 2006, held in Szeged, Hungary in October 2006. The 28 revised full papers and 27 revised poster papers presented together with 2 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 99 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on discrete geometry, discrete tomography, discrete topology, distance, image analysis, shape representation, segmentation, skeletonization, as well as surfaces and volumes.

%B Discrete Geometry for Computer Imagery %S Lecture Notes in Computer Science %I Springer-Verlag %V 4245 %P 688 %8 2006 %G eng %U http://www.springerlink.com/content/t38633812l42/ %! LNCS %R 10.1007/11907350 %0 Book Section %B Digital (r)evolution in radiology %D 2006 %T New advances for imaging laryngo / trachealstenosis by post processing of spiral-CT data %A Erich Sorantin %A Darius Mohadjer %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Kálmán Palágyi %A Franz Lindbichler %A Bernhard Geiger %E Walter Hruby %B Digital (r)evolution in radiology %I Springer-Verlag %C Wien; New York %P 297 - 308 %8 2006/// %G eng %0 Book Section %B Discrete Geometry for Computer Imagery %D 2006 %T The number of line-convex directed polyominoes having the same orthogonal projections %A Péter Balázs %E Attila Kuba %E László Gábor Nyúl %E Kálmán Palágyi %X

The number of line-convex directed polyominoes with givenhorizontal and vertical projections is studied. It is proven that diagonally convex directed polyominoes are uniquely determined by their orthogonal projections. The proof of this result is algorithmical. As a counterpart, we show that ambiguity can be exponential if antidiagonal convexity is assumed about the polyomino. Then, the results are generalised to polyominoes having convexity property along arbitrary lines. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006.

%B Discrete Geometry for Computer Imagery %I Springer-Verlag %C Berlin, Heidelberg %P 77 - 85 %8 2006/// %G eng %0 Book Section %B Joint Hungarian-Austrian conference on image processing and pattern recognition. 5th conference of the Hungarian Association for Image Processing and Pattern Recognition (KÉPAF), 29th workshop of the Austrian Association for Pattern Reco %D 2005 %T Method for Automatically Segmenting the Spinal Cord and Canal from 3D CT Images %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Judit Kanyó %A Eörs Máté %A Géza Makay %A Emese Balogh %A Márta Fidrich %A Attila Kuba %E Dmitrij Chetverikov %E László Czúni %E Markus Vincze %X We present two approaches for automatically segmenting thespinal cord/canal from native CT images of the thorax region containing the spine. Different strategies are included to handle images where only part of the spinal column is visible. The algorithms require one seed point given on a slice located in the middle region of the spine, and the rest is automatic. The spatial extent of the spinal cord/canal is determined automatically using anatomical information for segmenting the spinal canal while active contours are applied if the spinal cord is to be segmented. Both methods work in 2D and use propagated information from neighboring slices. They are also very rapid in execution, that means an efficient, user-friendly workflow. The methods were evaluated by radiologists and were found to be useful and met the accuracy and repeatability requirements for the particular task. %B Joint Hungarian-Austrian conference on image processing and pattern recognition. 5th conference of the Hungarian Association for Image Processing and Pattern Recognition (KÉPAF), 29th workshop of the Austrian Association for Pattern Reco %I OCG %C Vienna %P 311 - 318 %8 2005/// %G eng %0 Book Section %B Computer Analysis of Images and Patterns %D 2005 %T Method for automatically segmenting the spinal cord and canal from 3D CT images %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Judit Kanyó %A Eörs Máté %A Géza Makay %A Emese Balogh %A Márta Fidrich %A Attila Kuba %E André Gagalowitz %E Wilfried Philips %B Computer Analysis of Images and Patterns %I Springer-Verlag %C Berlin; Heidelberg %P 456 - 463 %8 2005 %G eng %0 Book Section %B Medical Imaging Systems Technology %D 2005 %T Techniques in 3D Assessment of Tracheal-Stenosis by the Mean of Spiral Computed Tomography (S-CT) and Their Applications %A Erich Sorantin %A Darius Mohadjer %A Franz Lindbichler %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Kálmán Palágyi %A Bernhard Geiger %E Cornelius T Leondes %X Endotracheal intubation is the most common cause of Laryngo-Tracheal Stenoses (LTS), followed by trauma and prior airway surgery.1–3 In rare cases LTS may have resulted also from inhalation injuries, gastro-esophageal reflux disease, neoplasia and autoimmune diseases like Wegeners granulomatosis or relapsing polychondritis.1,4 In pediatric patients vascular compression of the trachea is a common cause of tracheal indentations.5 Clinical management of these conditions requires information on localization, grade, length and dynamics of the stenosis. Exact LTS information is necessary, since stenoses with a length less than 1.0 cm can be treated by an endoscopic surgery.6,7 Besides Fiberoptic Endoscopy (FE), which represents the gold standard for airway evaluation, imaging modalities like conventional radiography, fluoroscopy, tracheal tomograms, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and above all Spiral Computed Tomography (S-CT) are an essential part of the clinical work.1,8 S-CT and the recent introduction of multislice imaging allows volumetric data acquisition of the Laryngo–Tracheal Tract (LTT) during a short time span. Decreased motion artifacts and increased spatial resolution form the basis for high quality post processing.9,10 The improved performance of today's workstations permits the use of sophisticated post processing algorithms even on standard hardware like personal computers. Thus real time 3D display and virtual endoscopic views (virtual endoscopy) are just one mouse click away. Other algorithms compute the medial axis of tubular structures like airways or vessels in 3D, which can be used for the calculation of 3D cross sectional profiles for better demonstration of caliber changes.11 Thus display of S-CT axial source images is moving rapidly to 3D display. Moreover, established network connections within and between institutions allows telemedical cooperation. Web technologies offer an easy to use way for information exchange. The objective of this paper is to present an overview on 3D display and quantification of LTS as well as to provide information how these results can be presented and shared with the referring physicians on the hospitals computer network. This article is structured in seven parts; namely: S-CT data acquisition for LTS imaging; selected 3D image post processing algorithms; 3D display; Virtual endoscopy; Objective LTS degree and length estimation using LTT 3D — cross-sectional profiles; Intranet applications; and a conclusion is drawn in the final section. %B Medical Imaging Systems Technology %I World Scientific %C Singapore %P 61 - 80 %8 2005/// %G eng %0 Book Section %B Medical Imaging 2004: Image Processing %D 2004 %T Multiple Sclerosis lesion quantification in MR images by using vectorial scale-based relative fuzzy connectedness %A Ying Zhuge %A Jayaram K Udupa %A László Gábor Nyúl %E J Michael Fitzpatrick %E Milan Sonka %X This paper presents a methodology for segmenting PD- andT2-weighted brain magnetic resonance (MR) images of multiplesclerosis (MS) patients into white matter (WM), gray matter (GM),cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and MS lesions. For a given vectorialimage (with PD- and T2-weighted components) to be segmented, weperform first intensity inhomogeneity correction andstandardization prior to segmentation. Absolute fuzzyconnectedness and certain morphological operations are utilized togenerate the brain intracranial mask. The optimum thresholdingmethod is applied to the product image (the image in which voxelvalues represent T2 value x PD value) to automaticallyrecognize potential MS lesion sites. Then, the recently developedtechnique -- vectorial scale-based relative fuzzy connectedness --is utilized to segment all voxels within the brain intracranialmask into WM, GM, CSF, and MS lesion regions. The number ofsegmented lesions and the volume of each lesion are finally outputas well as the volume of other tissue regions. The method has beentested on 10 clinical brain MRI data sets of MS patients. Anaccuracy of better than 96% has been achieved. The preliminaryresults indicate that its performance is better than that of thek-nearest neighbors (kNN) method. %B Medical Imaging 2004: Image Processing %I SPIE %C Bellingham; Washington %P 1764 - 1773 %8 2004/// %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B A Képfeldolgozók és Alakfelismerők Társaságának konferenciája - KÉPAF 2004 %D 2004 %T Számítógépes képfeldolgozás oktatása a Szegedi Tudományegyetemen %A Antal Nagy %A Emese Balogh %A Mariann Dudásné Nagy %A Attila Kuba %A Eörs Máté %A Kálmán Palágyi %A Endre Katona %A Zoltan Kato %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Attila Tanacs %E Zoltán Gácsi %E Péter Barkóczy %E Gábor Sárközi %X

Az SZTE Informatikai Tanszékcsoportja által gondozott szakoktanterveiben 1993 óta szerepel a képfeldolgozás és alkalmazásainak oktatása. A kreditrendszer bevezetésével a Képfeldolgozás I. tárgy kötelező az ötéves képzésben részt vevő informatikus hallgatóknak. Ezen felül a választható szakirányok között szintén szerepel a Képfeldolgozás szakirány. A szakirányon belül különböző képpfeldolgozási területeket tárgyaló kurzusok épülnek egymásra. Az elméleti megalapozás mellett a képfeldolgozás alkalmazásaira is nagy hangsúlyt fektetünk. A kutatások illetve az orvosi alkalmazások fejlesztése során szerzett eredményeket a kötelező jellegű tárgyak mellett speciálkollégiumok keretében építjül be az otkatási anyagba. Számos hallgatónk választ a képfeldolgzás területéről témát a diplomamunkájához, dolgozataikkal rendszeresen és sikerrel szerepelnek az OTDK-n. Hallgatóink évente több hónapot tölthetnek külföldi partneregyetemeinken, ahol a kutató- és fejlesztőmunka mellett nálunk is elfogadott kurzusokat teljesíthetnek. A képfeldolgozás témakörön belül "ipari" projekt munkákban is egyre több hallgató vesz részt. A doktori programon belül is meghirdetünk képfeldolgozáshoz kapcsolódó kutatási irányokat. Az évente megrendezésre kerülő, 11-éves múltra visszatekintő Képfeldolgozó Nyári Iskolának (SSIP) eddig hatszor adott otthont Szeged. A rendszvénysorozat kiemelkedő fontosságú nemzetközi fórum hallgatóink és oktatóink számára is.

%B A Képfeldolgozók és Alakfelismerők Társaságának konferenciája - KÉPAF 2004 %I Neumann János Számítógép-tudományi Társaság %C Miskolc %P 191 - 196 %8 Jan 2004 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J RADIOLOGE %D 2003 %T 3D cross section of the laryngotracheal tract. A new method for visualization and quantification of tracheal stenoses %A Erich Sorantin %A Csongor Halmai %A Balázs Erdőhelyi %A Kálmán Palágyi %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Krisztián Ollé %A Franz Lindbichler %A Gerhard Friedrich %A Karl Kiesler %X PURPOSE: Demonstration of a technique for 3D assessment oftracheal stenoses, regarding site, length and degree, based on spiral computed tomography (S-CT). PATIENTS AND METHODS: S-CT scanning and automated segmentation of the laryngo-tracheal tract (LTT) was followed by the extraction of the LTT medial axis using a skeletonisation algorithm. Orthogonal to the medial axis the LTT 3D cross sectional profile was computed and presented as line charts, where degree and length were obtained. Values for both parameters were compared between 36 patients and 18 normal controls separately. Accuracy and precision was derived from 17 phantom studies. RESULTS: Average degree and length of tracheal stenoses were found to be 60.5% and 4.32 cm in patients compared to minor caliber changes of 8.8% and 2.31 cm in normal controls (p <0.005). For the phantoms an excellent correlation between the true and computed 3D cross sectional profile was found (p <0.005) and an accuracy for length and degree measurements of 2.14 mm and 2.53% respectively could be determined. The corresponding figures for the precision were found to be 0.92 mm and 2.56%. CONCLUSION: LTT 3D cross sectional profiles permit objective, accurate and precise assessment of LTT caliber changes. Minor LTT caliber changes can be observed even in normals and, in case of an otherwise normal S-CT study, can be regarded as artefacts. %B RADIOLOGE %V 43 %P 1056 - 1068 %8 2003/// %@ 0033-832X %G eng %N 12 %! RADIOLOGE %0 Journal Article %J RADIOLOGE %D 2003 %T 3D cross section of the laryngotracheal tract. A new method for visualization and quantification of tracheal stenoses %A Erich Sorantin %A Csongor Halmai %A Balázs Erdőhelyi %A Kálmán Palágyi %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Krisztián Ollé %A Franz Lindbichler %A Gerhard Friedrich %A Karl Kiesler %X PURPOSE: Demonstration of a technique for 3D assessment oftracheal stenoses, regarding site, length and degree, based on spiral computed tomography (S-CT). PATIENTS AND METHODS: S-CT scanning and automated segmentation of the laryngo-tracheal tract (LTT) was followed by the extraction of the LTT medial axis using a skeletonisation algorithm. Orthogonal to the medial axis the LTT 3D cross sectional profile was computed and presented as line charts, where degree and length were obtained. Values for both parameters were compared between 36 patients and 18 normal controls separately. Accuracy and precision was derived from 17 phantom studies. RESULTS: Average degree and length of tracheal stenoses were found to be 60.5% and 4.32 cm in patients compared to minor caliber changes of 8.8% and 2.31 cm in normal controls (p <0.005). For the phantoms an excellent correlation between the true and computed 3D cross sectional profile was found (p <0.005) and an accuracy for length and degree measurements of 2.14 mm and 2.53% respectively could be determined. The corresponding figures for the precision were found to be 0.92 mm and 2.56%. CONCLUSION: LTT 3D cross sectional profiles permit objective, accurate and precise assessment of LTT caliber changes. Minor LTT caliber changes can be observed even in normals and, in case of an otherwise normal S-CT study, can be regarded as artefacts. %B RADIOLOGE %V 43 %P 1056 - 1068 %8 2003/// %@ 0033-832X %G eng %N 12 %! RADIOLOGE %0 Journal Article %J Der Radiologe %D 2003 %T 3D-Querschnittsprofil des Laryngotrachealtrakts—Eine neue Methode zur Visualisierung und Quantifizierung von Trachealstenosen %A Sorantin, Erich. %A Halmai, Csongor. %A Balázs Erdőhelyi %A Kálmán Palágyi %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Ollé, Krisztián. %A Geiger, B. %A Lindbichler, F. %A Friedrich, G. %A Kiesler, K. %X

Purpose

Demonstration of a technique for 3D assessment of tracheal stenoses, regarding site, length and degree, based on spiral computed tomography (S-CT).

Patients and Methods

S-CT scanning and automated segmentation of the laryngo-tracheal tract (LTT) was followed by the extraction of the LTT medial axis using a skeletonisation algorithm. Orthogonal to the medial axis the LTT 3D cross sectional profile was computed and presented as line charts, where degree and length were obtained. Values for both parameters were compared between 36 patients and 18 normal controls separately. Accuracy and precision was derived from 17 phantom studies.

Results

Average degree and length of tracheal stenoses were found to be 60.5% and 4.32 cm in patients compared to minor caliber changes of 8.8% and 2.31 cm in normal controls (p <0.005). For the phantoms an excellent correlation between the true and computed 3D cross sectional profile was found (p <0.005) and an accuray for length and degree measurements of 2.14 mm and 2.53% respectively could be determined. The corresponding figures for the precision were found to be 0.92 mm and 2.56%.

Conclusion

LTT 3D cross sectional profiles permit objective, accurate and precise assessment of LTT caliber changes. Minor LTT caliber changes can be observed even in normals and, in case of an otherwise normal S-CT study, can be regarded as artefacts.

 

%B Der Radiologe %I Springer-Verlag %V 43 %P 1056-1068 %8 2003 %G eng %U http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00117-003-0990-8 %9 Journal Article %R 10.1007/s00117-003-0990-8 %0 Journal Article %J COMPUTERIZED MEDICAL IMAGING AND GRAPHICS %D 2003 %T 3DVIEWNIX-AVS: a software package for the separate visualization of arteries and veins in CE-MRA images %A Tianhu Lei %A Jayaram K Udupa %A Dewei Odhner %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Punam K Saha %X Our earlier study developed a computerized method, based onfuzzy connected object delineation principles and algorithms, for artery and vein separation in contrast enhanced Magnetic Resonance Angiography (CE-MRA) images. This paper reports its current development-a software package-for routine clinical use. The software package, termed 3DVIEWNIX-AVS, consists of the following major operational parts: (1) converting data from DICOM3 to 3DVIEWNIX format, (2) previewing slices and creating VOI and MIP Shell, (3) segmenting vessel, (4) separating artery and vein, (5) shell rendering vascular structures and creating animations.This package has been applied to EPIX Medical Inc's CE-MRA data (AngioMark MS-325). One hundred and thirty-five original CE-MRA data sets (of 52 patients) from 6 hospitals have been processed. In all case studies, unified parameter settings produce correct artery-vein separation. The current package is running on a Pentium PC under Linux and the total computation time per study is about 3 min.The strengths of this software package are (1) minimal user interaction, (2) minimal anatomic knowledge requirements on human vascular system, (3) clinically required speed, (4) free entry to any operational stages, (5) reproducible, reliable, high quality of results, and (6) cost effective computer implementation. To date, it seems to be the only software package (using an image processing approach) available for artery and vein separation of the human vascular system for routine use in a clinical setting. %B COMPUTERIZED MEDICAL IMAGING AND GRAPHICS %V 27 %P 351 - 362 %8 2003/// %@ 0895-6111 %G eng %N 5 %! COMPUT MED IMAG GRAP %0 Journal Article %J IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING %D 2003 %T Incorporating a measure of local scale in voxel-based 3-D image registration %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Jayaram K Udupa %A Punam K Saha %X We present a new class of approaches for rigid-body registrationand their evaluation in studying multiple sclerosis (MS) via multiprotocol magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Three pairs of rigid-body registration algorithms were implemented, using cross-correlation and mutual information (MI), operating on original gray-level images, and utilizing the intermediate images resulting from our new scale-based method. In the scale image, every voxel has the local "scale" value assigned to it, defined as the radius of the largest ball centered at the voxel with homogeneous intensities. Three-dimensional image data of the head were acquired from ten MS patients for each of six MRI protocols. Images in some of the protocols were acquired in registration. The registered pairs were used as ground truth. Accuracy and consistency of the six registration methods were measured within and between protocols for known amounts of misregistrations. Our analysis indicates that there is no "best" method. For medium misregistration, the method using MI, for small add large misregistration the method using normalized cross-correlation performs best. For high-resolution data the correlation method and for low-resolution data the MI method, both using the original gray-level images, are the most consistent. We have previously demonstrated the use of local scale information in fuzzy connectedness segmentation and image filtering. Scale may also have potential for image registration as suggested by this work. %B IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING %V 22 %P 228 - 237 %8 2003/// %@ 0278-0062 %G eng %N 2 %! IEEE T MED IMAGING %0 Patent %D 2003 %T Method for standardizing the MR image intensity scale %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Jayaram K Udupa %C Amerikai Egyesült Államok %V US19990447781 %8 2003 %G eng %N US6584216 %0 Book Section %B Képfeldolgozók és Alakfelismerők III. Konfereciája %D 2002 %T Digitális képtároló és képtovábbító rendszer (PACS) a Szegedi Tudományegyetemen %A László Almási %A Antal Nagy %A Zoltán Alexin %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Attila Kuba %A László Csernay %E Attila Kuba %E Eörs Máté %E Kálmán Palágyi %B Képfeldolgozók és Alakfelismerők III. Konfereciája %I NJSZT-KÉPAF %C Szeged %P 132 - 139 %8 2002 %G eng %0 Book Section %B Képfeldolgozók és Alakfelismerők III. Konfereciája %D 2002 %T Digitális képtároló és képtovábbító rendszer (PACS) a Szegedi Tudományegyetemen %A László Almási %A Antal Nagy %A Zoltán Alexin %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Attila Kuba %A László Csernay %E Attila Kuba %E Eörs Máté %E Kálmán Palágyi %B Képfeldolgozók és Alakfelismerők III. Konfereciája %I NJSZT-KÉPAF %C Szeged %P 132 - 139 %8 2002/// %G eng %0 Journal Article %J GRAPHICAL MODELS %D 2002 %T Fuzzy-connected 3D image segmentation at interactive speeds %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Alexandre X. Falcao %A Jayaram K Udupa %X Image segmentation techniques using fuzzy connectednessprinciples hake shown their effectiveness in segmenting a variety of objects in several large applications in recent years. However, one problem with these algorithms has been their excessive computational requirements. In an attempt to substantially speed them up. in the present paper, we study systematically a host of 18 'optimal' graph search algorithms. Extensive testing of these algorithms on a variety of 3D medical images taken from large ongoing applications demonstrates that a 20 1000-fold improvement over current speeds is achievable with a combination of algorithms and last modern PCs. Utilizing efficient algorithms and careful selection of implementations can speed up the computation of fuzzy connectedness values by a factor of 16 29 (on the same hardware), as compared to the implementation previously used in our applications utilizing fuzzy object segmentation. The optimality of an algorithm depends on the input data as well as on the choice of the fuzzy affinity relation. The running time is reduced considerably (by a factor up to 34 for brain MR and even more for bone CT), when the algorithms make use of predetermined thresholds for the fuzz), objects. The reliable recognition (assisted by human operators) and the accurate, efficient. and sophisticated delineation (automatically performed by the computer) can be effectively incorporated into a single interactive process. If images having intensities kith tissue-Specific meaning (such Lis CT or standardized MR images) are utilized. most of the parameters for the segmentation method can be fixed once for all. all, intermediate data (feature and fuzzy affinity values for the hole scene) can be computed before the user interaction is needed and the user can be provided kith more information at the little of interaction. %B GRAPHICAL MODELS %V 64 %P 259 - 281 %8 2002/// %@ 1524-0703 %G eng %N 5 %! GRAPH MODELS %0 Journal Article %J EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY %D 2002 %T Medical Image Processing, Surgical Planning, Image-Guided Therapy and Robotic Applications: Recent Developments for Radiology %A R J Bale %A W Birkfellner %A Erich Sorantin %A H Staedele %A J Kettenbach %A W Recheis %A M Voegele %A R Sweeney %A P Kovács %A R Wegenkittl %A G Bodner %A W Jaschke %A D zur Nedden %A E Eisner %A G Kronreig %A M Furst %A R Hanel %A M Figl %A H Bergmann %A D Hanson %A László Ruskó %A Lajos Rodek %A Kálmán Palágyi %A Anna Vilanova Bartroli %A László Gábor Nyúl %A A L Jacob %A B Baumann %A Emese Balogh %A P Messmer %B EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY %V 12 %P 504 %8 2002/// %@ 0938-7994 %G eng %N 1 Suppl %! EUR RADIOL %0 Thesis %D 2002 %T Novel MR Image Analysis Strategies: Applications in Multiple Sclerosis %A László Gábor Nyúl %8 2002 %G eng %0 Book Section %B Medical Imaging 2002: Image Processing %D 2002 %T A protocol-independent brain MRI segmentation method %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Jayaram K Udupa %E Milan Sonka %E J Michael Fitzpatrick %X We present a segmentation method that combines the robust,accurate, and efficient techniques of fuzzy connectedness with standardized MRI intensities and fast algorithms. The result is a general segmentation framework that more efficiently utilizes the user input (for recognition) and the power of computer (for delineation). This same method has been applied to segment brain tissues from a variety of MRI protocols. Images were corrected for inhomogeneity and standardized to yield tissue-specific intensity values. All parameters for the fuzzy affinity relations were fixed for a specific input protocol. Scale-based fuzzy affinity was used to better capture fine structures. Brain tissues were segmented as 3D fuzzy-connected objects by using relative fuzzy connectedness. The user can specify seed points in about a minute and tracking the 3D fuzzy-connected objects takes about 20 seconds per object. All other computations were performed before any user interaction took place. Segmentation of brain tissues as 3D fuzzy-connected objects from MRI data is feasible at interactive speeds. Utilizing the robust fuzzy connectedness principles and fast algorithms, it is possible to interactively select fuzzy affinity, seed point, and threshold parameters and perform efficient, precise, and accurate segmentations. %B Medical Imaging 2002: Image Processing %I SPIE %C Bellingham; Washington %P 1588 - 1599 %8 2002/// %G eng %0 Journal Article %J IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING %D 2002 %T Spiral-CT-based assessment of tracheal stenoses using 3-D-skeletonization %A Erich Sorantin %A Csongor Halmai %A Balázs Erdőhelyi %A Kálmán Palágyi %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Krisztián Ollé %A Bernhard Geiger %A Franz Lindbichler %A Gerhard Friedrich %A Karl Kiesler %X PURPOSE: Demonstration of a technique for three-dimensional (3-D) assessment of tracheal-stenoses, regarding site, length and degree, based on spiral computed tomography (S-CT). PATIENTS AND METHODS: S-CT scanning and automated segmentation of the laryngo-tracheal tract (LTT) was followed by the extraction of the LTT medial axis using a skeletonization algorithm. Orthogonal to the medial axis the LTT 3-D cross-sectional profile was computed and presented as line charts, where degree and length was obtained. Values for both parameters were compared between 36 patients and 18 normal controls separately. Accuracy and precision was derived from 17 phantom studies. RESULTS: Average degree and length of tracheal stenoses was found to be 60.5% and 4.32 cm in patients compared with minor caliber changes of 8.8% and 2.31 cm in normal controls (p << 0.0001). For the phantoms an excellent correlation between the true and computed 3-D cross-sectional profile was found (p << 0.005) and an accuracy for length and degree measurements of 2.14 mm and 2.53% respectively could be determined. The corresponding figures for the precision were found to be 0.92 mm and 2.56%. CONCLUSION: LTT 3-D cross-sectional profiles permit objective, accurate and precise assessment of LTT caliber changes. Minor LTT caliber changes can be observed even in normals and, in case of an otherwise normal S-CT study, can be regarded as artifacts. %B IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING %V 21 %P 263 - 273 %8 2002/// %@ 0278-0062 %G eng %N 3 %! IEEE T MED IMAGING %0 Book Section %B Informatika a felsőoktatásban %D 2002 %T Számítógépes képfeldolgozás oktatása a Szegedi Tudományegyetemen %A Antal Nagy %A Emese Balogh %A Mariann Dudásné Nagy %A Attila Kuba %A Eörs Máté %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Kálmán Palágyi %A Attila Tanacs %E Péter Arató %E Miklós Herdon %X A Szegedi Tudományegyetem tanterveiben 1993 óta szerepel aképfeldolgozás és alkalmazásainak oktatása. A tantárgy ez idő alatt sok változáson ment át. Jelenleg a Képfeldolgozás szakirányt választó hallgatók részesülnek ilyen képzésben. Az adott szakirányon belül különböző képfeldolgozási területek oktatása épül egymásra. Az oktatás során nem csak elméleti és gyakorlati ismereteket szerezhetnek a hallgatók, hanem néhány (főleg orvosi) alkalmazás is bemutatásra kerül. A kötelező jellegű tárgyak mellett speciálkollégiumok engednek bepillantást más kiegészítő területekre. A hallgatók a képfeldolgozás témával rendszeresen vesznek rész helyi és országos Tudományos DIákköri Konferenciákon. Az utóbbi időben sikerült a képfeldolgozásban érdekelt cégekkel felvenni a kapcsolatot, így évente több hallgató vehet részt ipari alkalmazások fejlesztésében. A doktori programon belül is meghirdetünk képfeldolgozáshoz kapcsolódó kutatási irányokat. Ezenkívül rendszeresen megrendezzük a nemzetközi Képfeldolgozó Nyári Iskolákat, ahol nemcsak Magyarországról, hanem a környező országokból is fogadunk hallgatókat és oktatókat. %B Informatika a felsőoktatásban %I Debreceni Egyetem %C Debrecen %P 750 - 757 %8 2002/// %G eng %0 Book Section %B Képfeldolgozók és Alakfelismerők III. Konfereciája %D 2002 %T Többdimenziós MRI képek feldolgozása %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Jayaram K Udupa %E Attila Kuba %E Eörs Máté %E Kálmán Palágyi %B Képfeldolgozók és Alakfelismerők III. Konfereciája %I NJSZT-KÉPAF %C Szeged %P 96 - 97 %8 2002/// %G eng %0 Journal Article %J EUROPEAN SURGERY - ACTA CHIRURGICA AUSTRIACA %D 2002 %T Virtual dissection and automated polyp detection of the colon based on spiral CT - Techniques and preliminary experience on a cadaveric phantom %A Erich Sorantin %A Georg Werkgartner %A Emese Balogh %A Anna Vilanova Bartroli %A Kálmán Palágyi %A László Gábor Nyúl %A László Ruskó %X Background: CT colonography was found to be sensitive andspecific for detection of colonic polyps and colorectal cancer (CRC). Depending on the software used, CT colonography requires a certain amount of operator interaction, which limits it's widespread usage. The goal of this papers is to present two novel automated techniques for displaying CT colonography: virtual dissection and automated colonic polyp detection. Methods: Virtual dissection refers to a technique where the entire colon is virtually stretched and flattened thus simulating the view on the pathologist's table. Colonic folds show a 'global outward bulging of the contour', whereas colonic polyps exhibit the inverse ('local inward bulging'). This feature is used to map areas of 'local inward bulging' with colours on 3D reconstructions. A cadaveric phantom with 13 artificially inserted polyps was used for validation of both techniques. Results: On virtual dissection all 13 inserted polyps could be identified. They appeared either as bumps or as local broadening of colonic folds. In addition, the automated colonic polyp detection algorithm was able to tag all polyps. Only 10 min of operator interaction were necessary for both techniques. Conclusions: Virtual dissection overcomes the shortcomings of CT colonography, and automated colonic polyp detection establishes a roadmap of the polyps. %B EUROPEAN SURGERY - ACTA CHIRURGICA AUSTRIACA %V 34 %P 143 - 149 %8 2002/// %@ 1682-8631 %G eng %N 2 %! EUR SURG-ACA %0 Book Section %B Képfeldolgozók és Alakfelismerők III. Konfereciája %D 2002 %T Virtual Dissection of the Colon %A Emese Balogh %A Erich Sorantin %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Kálmán Palágyi %A Attila Kuba %E Attila Kuba %E Eörs Máté %E Kálmán Palágyi %B Képfeldolgozók és Alakfelismerők III. Konfereciája %I NJSZT-KÉPAF %C Szeged %P 109 - 117 %8 2002/// %G eng %0 Book Section %B 3D Image Processing %D 2002 %T Virtual Dissection of the Colon %A Erich Sorantin %A Emese Balogh %A Anna Vilanova Bartroli %A Kálmán Palágyi %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Sven Lončarić %A Marco Subasic %A Domagoj Kovacevic %E Davide Caramella %E Carlo Bartolozzi %B 3D Image Processing %I Springer-Verlag %C New York %P 197 - 209 %8 2002/// %G eng %0 Book Section %B Medical Imaging 2002: Visualization, Image-Guided Procedures, and Display %D 2002 %T Virtual dissection of the colon: technique and first experiments with artificial and cadaveric phantoms %A Emese Balogh %A Erich Sorantin %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Kálmán Palágyi %A Attila Kuba %A Georg Werkgartner %A Ekke Spuller %E Seong Ki Mun %X Virtual dissection refers to a display technique for polypdetection, where the colon is digitally straightened and then flattened using multirow detector Computed Tomograph (CT) images. As compared to virtual colonoscopy where polyps may be hidden from view behind the folds, the unravelled colon is more suitable for polyp detection, because the entire inner surface of the colon is displayed in a single view. The method was tested both on artificial and cadaveric phantoms. All polyps could be recognized on both phantoms. This technique for virtual dissection requires only a minimum of operator interaction. %B Medical Imaging 2002: Visualization, Image-Guided Procedures, and Display %I SPIE %C Bellingham; Washington %P 713 - 721 %8 2002/// %G eng %0 Journal Article %J RADIOLOGY %D 2001 %T Brain atrophy in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: Fractional volumetric analysis of gray matter and white matter %A Yiyue Ge %A Robert J Grossman %A Jayaram K Udupa %A James S Babb %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Dennis L Kolson %X PURPOSE: To determine the fractional brain tissue volume changesin the gray matter and white matter of patients with relapsing- remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) and to correlate these measurements with clinical disability and total lesion load. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty patients with relapsing-remitting MS and 25 healthy control subjects underwent magnetic resonance imaging. Fractional brain tissue volumes (tissue volume relative to total intracranial volume) were obtained from the total segmented gray matter and white matter in each group and were analyzed. RESULTS: The fractional volume of white matter versus that of gray matter was significantly lower (-6.4%) in patients with MS (P <.0001) than in control subjects. Neither gray matter nor white matter fractional volume measurements correlated with clinical disability in the patients with MS. CONCLUSION: Loss of brain parenchymal volume in patients with relapsing-remitting MS is predominantly confined to white matter. Analysis of fractional brain tissue volumes provides additional information useful in characterizing MS and may have potential in evaluating treatment strategies. %B RADIOLOGY %V 220 %P 606 - 610 %8 2001/// %@ 0033-8419 %G eng %N 3 %! RADIOLOGY %0 Journal Article %J ACADEMIC RADIOLOGY %D 2001 %T Multiprotocol MR image segmentation in multiple sclerosis: Experience with over 1,000 studies %A Jayaram K Udupa %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Yiyue Ge %A Robert J Grossman %X RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an acquireddisease of the central nervous system. Several clinical measures are commonly used to express the severity of the disease, including the Expanded Disability Status Scale and the ambulation index. These measures are subjective and may be difficult to reproduce. The aim of this research is to investigate the possibility of developing more objective measures derived from MR imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Various magnetic resonance (MR) imaging protocols are being investigated for the study of MS. Seeking to replace the Expanded Disability Status Scale and ambulation index with an objective means to assess the natural course of the disease and its response to therapy, the authors have developed multiprotocol MR image segmentation methods based on fuzzy connectedness to quantify both macrosopic features of the disease (lesions, gray matter, white matter, cerebrospinal fluid, and brain parenchyma) and the microscopic appearance of diseased white matter. Over 1,000 studies have been processed to date. RESULTS: By far the strongest correlations with the clinical measures were demonstrated by the magnetization transfer ratio histogram parameters obtained for the various segmented tissue regions. These findings emphasize the importance of considering the microscopic and diffuse nature of the disease in the individual tissue regions. Brain parenchymal volume also demonstrated a strong correlation with clinical measures, which suggests that brain atrophy is an important disease indicator. CONCLUSION: Fuzzy connectedness is a viable, highly reproducible segmentation method for studying MS. %B ACADEMIC RADIOLOGY %V 8 %P 1116 - 1126 %8 2001/// %@ 1076-6332 %G eng %N 11 %! ACAD RADIOL %0 Book Section %B Medical Imaging 2001: Image Processing %D 2001 %T Task-specific comparison of 3D image registration methods %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Jayaram K Udupa %A Punam K Saha %E Milan Sonka %E Kenneth M Hanson %X We present a new class of approaches for rigid-body registrationand their evaluation in studying Multiple Sclerosis via multi protocol MRI. Two pairs of rigid-body registration algorithms were implemented, using cross- correlation and mutual information, operating on original gray-level images and on the intermediate images resulting from our new scale-based method. In the scale image, every voxel has the local scale value assigned to it, defined as the radius of the largest sphere centered at the voxel with homogeneous intensities. 3D data of the head were acquired from 10 MS patients using 6 MRI protocols. Images in some of the protocols have been acquired in registration. The co-registered pairs were used as ground truth. Accuracy and consistency of the 4 registration methods were measured within and between protocols for known amounts of misregistrations. Our analysis indicates that there is no best method. For medium and large misregistration, methods using mutual information, for small misregistration, and for the consistency tests, correlation methods using the original gray- level images give the best results. We have previously demonstrated the use of local scale information in fuzzy connectedness segmentation and image filtering. Scale may also have considerable potential for image registration as suggested by this work. %B Medical Imaging 2001: Image Processing %I SPIE %C Bellingham; Washington %P 1588 - 1598 %8 2001/// %G eng %0 Book Section %B Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Image and Signal Processing and Analysis, ISPA 2001, Pula, Croatia %D 2001 %T Virtual Dissection of the Colon Based on Helical CT Data - Can It Be Done? %A Erich Sorantin %A Emese Balogh %A Anna Vilanova Bartroli %A Kálmán Palágyi %A László Gábor Nyúl %E Sven Lončarić %E Hrvoje Babic %X Colorectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer;and colonic polyps are known precursors of that particular cancer. Virtual dissection refers to a display technique for polyp detection based on helical CT data, where the colon is dissected and flattened as on the pathologist's table. The approach and image processing as well as the early experience are described in this paper. %B Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Image and Signal Processing and Analysis, ISPA 2001, Pula, Croatia %I University of Zagreb %C Zagreb %P 224 - 229 %8 2001/// %G eng %0 Generic %D 2000 %T Brain Atrophy in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: A Fractional Volumetric Analysis of Gray Matter and White Matter %A Yiyue Ge %A Robert J Grossman %A Jayaram K Udupa %A James S Babb %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Dennis L Kolson %8 2000/// %G eng %0 Book Section %B Medical Imaging 2000: Image Processing %D 2000 %T Fuzzy-connected 3D image segmentation at interactive speeds %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Alexandre X. Falcao %A Jayaram K Udupa %E Kenneth M Hanson %X Image segmentation techniques using fuzzy connectednessprinciples have shown their effectiveness in segmenting a variety of objects in several large applications in recent years. However, one problem with these algorithms has been their excessive computational requirements. In an attempt to substantially speed them up, in the present paper, we study systematically a host of 18 algorithms under two categories -- label correcting and label setting. Extensive testing of these algorithms on a variety of 3D medical images taken from large ongoing applications demonstrates that a 20 - 360 fold improvement over current speeds is achievable with a combination of algorithms and fast modern PCs. The reliable recognition (assisted by human operators) and the accurate, efficient, and sophisticated delineation (automatically performed by the computer) can be effectively incorporated into a single interactive process. If images having intensities with tissue specific meaning (such as CT or standardized MR images) are utilized, all parameters for the segmentation method can be fixed once for all, all intermediate data can be computed before the user interaction is needed, and the user can be provided with more information at the time of interaction. %B Medical Imaging 2000: Image Processing %I SPIE %C Bellingham; Washington %P 212 - 223 %8 2000/// %G eng %0 Generic %D 2000 %T Magnetization Transfer Ratio Histogram Analysis of Normal Appearing Gray Matter and White Matter in MS %A Yiyue Ge %A Robert J Grossman %A Jayaram K Udupa %A James S Babb %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Dennis L Kolson %A Lois J Mannon %A Joseph C McGowan %8 2000/// %G eng %0 Journal Article %J NEUROIMAGING CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA %D 2000 %T MR image analysis in multiple sclerosis %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Jayaram K Udupa %X MR imaging is the ubiquitous imaging modality used for studyingmultiple sclerosis (MS). A variety of MR imaging protocols, including T2, spin density, T1-weighted, with and without gadolinium, and magnetization transfer imaging, have been used in studying MS. This article provides an overview of the techniques recently developed for quantifying the extent of MS through the application of MR imaging. %B NEUROIMAGING CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA %V 10 %P 799 - 815 %8 2000/// %@ 1052-5149 %G eng %N 4 %! NEUROIMAG CLIN N AM %0 Generic %D 2000 %T MR Image Analysis in Multiple Sclerosis %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Jayaram K Udupa %8 2000/// %G eng %0 Journal Article %J RADIOLOGY %D 2000 %T Multiple sclerosis: Magnetization transfer histogram analysis of segmented normal-appearing white matter %A Isabelle Catalaa %A Robert J Grossman %A Dennis L Kolson %A Jayaram K Udupa %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Lougang Wei %A Xuan Zhang %A Marcia Polansky %A Lois J Mannon %A Joseph C McGowan %X PURPOSE: To investigate and characterize the global distributionof magnetization transfer (MT) ratio values of normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) and test the hypothesis that the MT histogram for NAWM reflects disease progression. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Conventional and MT magnetic resonance (MR) images were obtained in 23 patients and 25 healthy volunteers. Clinical tests for comparison with the MT histogram parameters included the Extended Disability Status Scale and the ambulation index. Lesion load calculated with T2-weighted MR images and whole- brain and white matter volumes were measured. RESULTS: The location of the MT histogram peak and the mean MT ratio for NAWM were significantly lower in patients with MS than in control subjects. In longitudinal studies, the histogram peak location and mean MT ratio shifted in the direction of normal values as the duration of disease increased. A mean of 26.5% of the volume of new lesions identified on the later studies were demonstrated to have originated in NAWM corresponding to "lost" pixels on the histogram. CONCLUSION: MT histogram analysis of NAWM, including longitudinal analysis, may provide new prognostic information regarding lesion formation and increase understanding of the course of the disease. %B RADIOLOGY %V 216 %P 351 - 355 %8 2000/// %@ 0033-8419 %G eng %N 2 %! RADIOLOGY %0 Book Section %B Medical Imaging 2000: Image Processing %D 2000 %T Multiprotocol MR image segmentation in multiple sclerosis: experience with over 1000 studies %A Jayaram K Udupa %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Yiyue Ge %A Robert J Grossman %E Kenneth M Hanson %X Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an acquired disease of the centralnervous system. Subjective cognitive and ambulatory test scores on a scale called EDSS are currently utilized to assess the disease severity. Various MRI protocols are being investigated to study the disease based on how it manifests itself in the images. In an attempt to eventually replace EDSS by an objective measure to assess the natural course of the disease and its response to therapy, we have developed image segmentation methods based on fuzzy connectedness to quantify various objects in multiprotocol MRI. These include the macroscopic objects such as lesions, the gray matter (GM), white matter (WM), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and brain parenchyma as well as the microscopic aspects of the diseased WM. Over 1000 studies have been processed to date. By far the strongest correlations with the clinical measures were demonstrated by the Magnetization Transfer Ratio (MTR) histogram parameters obtained for the various segmented tissue regions emphasizing the importance of considering the microscopic/diffused nature of the disease in the individual tissue regions. Brain parenchymal volume also demonstrated a strong correlation with the clinical measures indicating that brain atrophy is an important indicator of the disease. Fuzzy connectedness is a viable segmentation method for studying MS. %B Medical Imaging 2000: Image Processing %I SPIE %C Bellingham; Washington %P 1017 - 1027 %8 2000/// %G eng %0 Journal Article %J IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING %D 2000 %T New variants of a method of MRI scale standardization %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Jayaram K Udupa %A Xuan Zhang %X One of the major drawbacks of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)has been the lack of a standard and quantifiable interpretation of image intensities. Unlike in other modalities, such as X-ray computerized tomography, MR images taken for the same patient on the same scanner at different times may appear different from each other due to a variety of scanner-dependent variations and, therefore, the absolute intensity values do not have a fixed meaning. We have devised a two-step method wherein all images (independent of patients and the specific brand of the MR scanner used) can be transformed in such a way that for the same protocol and body region, in the transformed images similar intensities will have similar tissue meaning. Standardized images can be displayed with fixed windows without the need of per-case adjustment. More importantly, extraction of quantitative information about healthy organs or about abnormalities can be considerably simplified. This paper introduces and compares new variants of this standardizing method that can help to overcome some of the problems with the original method. %B IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING %V 19 %P 143 - 150 %8 2000/// %@ 0278-0062 %G eng %N 2 %! IEEE T MED IMAGING %0 Journal Article %J JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING %D 2000 %T Numerical tissue characterization in MS via standardization of the MR image intensity scale %A Yiyue Ge %A Jayaram K Udupa %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Lougang Wei %A Robert J Grossman %X Image intensity standardization is a recently developedpostprocessing method that is capable of correcting the signal intensity variations in MR images. We evaluated signal intensity of healthy and diseased tissues in 10 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients based on standardized dual fast spin-echo MR images using a numerical postprocessing technique. The main idea of this technique is to deform the volume image histogram of each study to match a standard histogram and to utilize the resulting transformation to map the image intensities into standard scale. Upon standardization, the coefficients of variation of signal intensities for each segmented tissue (gray matter, white matter, lesion plaques, and diffuse abnormal white matter) in all patients were significantly smaller (2.3-9.2 times) than in the original images, and the same tissues from different patients looked alike, with similar intensity characteristics. Numerical tissue characterizability of different tissues in MS achieved by standardization offers a fixed tissue-specific meaning for the numerical values and can significantly facilitate image segmentation and analysis. %B JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING %V 12 %P 715 - 721 %8 2000/// %@ 1053-1807 %G eng %N 5 %! JMRI - J MAGN RESON IM %0 Conference Paper %B International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine: Eight Scientific Meeting and Exhibition %D 2000 %T Numerical Tissue Characterization in MS via Standardization of the MR Image Intensity Scale %A Yiyue Ge %A Jayaram K Udupa %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Lougang Wei %A Robert J Grossman %B International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine: Eight Scientific Meeting and Exhibition %C Berkeley %P 579 %8 Apr 2000 %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B Conference of PhD Students in Computer Science %D 2000 %T Standardizing the MR Image Intensity Scale and Its Applications %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Jayaram K Udupa %E Tibor Csendes %B Conference of PhD Students in Computer Science %I József Attila Tudományegyetem %C Szeged %V Volume of extended abstracts %P 75 %8 July 2000 %G eng %0 Book Section %B Medical Imaging 2000: Image Display and Visualization %D 2000 %T Standardizing the MR image intensity scales: making MR intensities have tissue-specific meaning %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Jayaram K Udupa %E Seong Ki Mun %X One of the major drawbacks of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)has been the lack of a standard and quantifiable interpretation of image intensities. Unlike in other modalities such as x-ray computerized tomography, MR images taken for the same patient on the same scanner at different times may appear different from each other due to a variety of scanner-dependent variations, and therefore, the absolute intensity values do not have a fixed meaning. We have devised a two-step method wherein all images can be transformed in such a way that for the same protocol and body region, in the transformed images similar intensities will have similar tissue meaning. Standardized images can be displayed with fixed windows without the need of per case adjustment. More importantly, extraction of quantitative information with fixed windows without the need of per case adjustment. More importantly, extraction of quantitative information about healthy organs or about abnormalities can be considerably simplified. This paper introduces and compares new variants of this standardizing method that can help to overcome some of the problems with the original method. %B Medical Imaging 2000: Image Display and Visualization %I SPIE %C Bellingham; Washington %P 496 - 504 %8 2000/// %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B A Képfeldolgozók és Alakfelismerők Társaságának konferenciája - KÉPAF 2000 %D 2000 %T A Szegedi Tudományegyetem orvosi képarchiváló és továbbító szoftver rendszere %A Antal Nagy %A Zoltán Alexin %A László Gábor Nyúl %A László Martonossy %A Attila Kuba %E Tamas Sziranyi %X

A Szegedi Tudományegyetem orvosi képarchiváló és -továbbítórendszer (SZOTE-PACS) szoftverének a fejlesztését ismertetjük előadásunkban. A célunk egy olyan számítógépes hálózati alkalmazás elkészítése volt, amely nemcsak a klinikai vizsgálatok képeinek átvitelével és tárolásával kapcsolatos feladatokat látja el, de támogatja az oktatási és konzultációs tevékenységeket is.

%B A Képfeldolgozók és Alakfelismerők Társaságának konferenciája - KÉPAF 2000 %P 115 %8 Jan 2000 %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B A Képfeldolgozók és Alakfelismerők Társaságának konferenciája - KÉPAF 2000 %D 2000 %T A Szegedi Tudományegyetem orvosi képarchiváló és továbbító szoftver rendszere %A Antal Nagy %A Zoltán Alexin %A László Gábor Nyúl %A László Martonossy %A Attila Kuba %E Tamas Sziranyi %X

A Szegedi Tudományegyetem orvosi képarchiváló és -továbbítórendszer (SZOTE-PACS) szoftverének a fejlesztését ismertetjük előadásunkban. A célunk egy olyan számítógépes hálózati alkalmazás elkészítése volt, amely nemcsak a klinikai vizsgálatok képeinek átvitelével és tárolásával kapcsolatos feladatokat látja el, de támogatja az oktatási és konzultációs tevékenységeket is.

%B A Képfeldolgozók és Alakfelismerők Társaságának konferenciája - KÉPAF 2000 %P 115 %8 Jan 2000 %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine: Eight Scientific Meeting and Exhibition %D 2000 %T Tissue Characterization in Relapsing-remitting and Secondary-progressive MS via Magnetization Transfer Ratio %A Yiyue Ge %A Robert J Grossman %A Jayaram K Udupa %A James S Babb %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Joseph C McGowan %E %B International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine: Eight Scientific Meeting and Exhibition %C Berkeley %P 1189 %8 Apr 2000 %G eng %0 Book Section %B Medical Imaging 1999: Image Display %D 1999 %T Approach to standardizing MR image intensity scale %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Jayaram K Udupa %E Seong Ki Mun %E Yongmin Kim %X Despite the many advantages of MR images, they lack a standardimage intensity scale. MR image intensity ranges and the meaning of intensity values vary even for the same protocol (P) and the same body region (D). This causes many difficulties in image display and analysis. We propose a two-step method for standardizing the intensity scale in such a way that for the same P and D, similar intensities will have similar meanings. In the first step, the parameters of the standardizing transformation are 'learned' from an image set. In the second step, for each MR study, these parameters are used to map their histogram into the standardized histogram. The method was tested quantitatively on 90 whole brain FSE T2, PD and T1 studies of MS patients and qualitatively on several other SE PD, T2 and SPGR studies of the grain and foot. Measurements using mean squared difference showed that the standardized image intensities have statistically significantly more consistent range and meaning than the originals. Fixed windows can be established for standardized imags and used for display without the need of per case adjustment. Preliminary results also indicate that the method facilitates improving the degree of automation of image segmentation. %B Medical Imaging 1999: Image Display %I SPIE %C Bellingham; Washington %P 595 - 603 %8 1999/// %G eng %0 Generic %D 1999 %T Fuzzy Connected 3D Object Segmentation at Interactive Speeds %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Alexandre X. Falcao %A Jayaram K Udupa %8 1999/// %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B International Conference on Information Technology Interfaces (ITI) %D 1999 %T Image Compression in SZOTE-PACS (Picture Archiving and Communication System) in Szeged %A László Martonossy %A Antal Nagy %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Zoltán Alexin %A Attila Kuba %E Damir Kalpic %E Vesna Hljuz Dobrić %X

SZOTE-PACS is a joint software development between the JózsefAttila University and the Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical University of Szeged for archiving and transferring medical studies. The system is able to collect medical studies from different imaging modalities and store them studies in common standard DICOM format in a central oracle database. There is an end user application that allows searching for specific studies in the central database. The archived medical images can be presented and processed at the viewing stations. Due to the limited storage space available, efforts have been made to utilized image compression techniques in order to increase the amount of image data that can be stored in the archive. The achieved results and some of the problems related to this task will be presented.

%B International Conference on Information Technology Interfaces (ITI) %I University of Zagreb %C Zagreb %P 305 - 310 %8 June 1999 %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B International Conference on Information Technology Interfaces (ITI) %D 1999 %T Image Compression in SZOTE-PACS (Picture Archiving and Communication System) in Szeged %A László Martonossy %A Antal Nagy %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Zoltán Alexin %A Attila Kuba %E Damir Kalpic %E Vesna Hljuz Dobrić %X

SZOTE-PACS is a joint software development between the JózsefAttila University and the Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical University of Szeged for archiving and transferring medical studies. The system is able to collect medical studies from different imaging modalities and store them studies in common standard DICOM format in a central oracle database. There is an end user application that allows searching for specific studies in the central database. The archived medical images can be presented and processed at the viewing stations. Due to the limited storage space available, efforts have been made to utilized image compression techniques in order to increase the amount of image data that can be stored in the archive. The achieved results and some of the problems related to this task will be presented.

%B International Conference on Information Technology Interfaces (ITI) %I University of Zagreb %C Zagreb %P 305 - 310 %8 June 1999 %G eng %0 Generic %D 1999 %T Magnetization Transfer Histogram Analysis of Segmented Normal- Appearing White Matter in Multiple Sclerosis %A Isabelle Catalaa %A Robert J Grossman %A Jayaram K Udupa %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Dennis L Kolson %A Lougang Wei %A Xuan Zhang %A Marcia Polansky %A Lois J Mannon %A Joseph C McGowan %8 1999/// %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine: Seventh Scientific Meeting and Exhibition %D 1999 %T Magnetization Transfer Histogram Analysis of Segmented Normal-Appearing White Matter in Multiple Sclerosis %A Isabelle Catalaa %A Robert J Grossman %A Dennis L Kolson %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Lougang Wei %A Jayaram K Udupa %A Marcia Polansky %A Joseph C McGowan %E *[International Society fo *Medicine] %B International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine: Seventh Scientific Meeting and Exhibition %C Berkeley %P 957 %8 May 1999 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE %D 1999 %T New variants of a method of MRI scale normalization %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Jayaram K Udupa %X One of the major drawbacks of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)has been the lack of a standard and quantifiable interpretation of image intensities. This causes many difficulties in image display and analysis. We have devised a two-step method wherein all images can be transformed in such a way that for the same protocol and body region, in the transformed images similar intensities will have similar tissue meaning. Normalized images can be displayed with fixed windows without the need of per case adjustment. More importantly, extraction of quantitative information about healthy organs or about abnormities, such as tumors, can considerably be simplified. This paper introduces and compares new variants of this normalization method that can help to overcome some of the problems with the original method. %B LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE %V 1613 %P 490 - 495 %8 1999/// %@ 0302-9743 %G eng %! LECT NOTES COMPUT SCI %0 Generic %D 1999 %T New Variants of a Method of MRI Scale Standardization %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Jayaram K Udupa %A Xuan Zhang %8 1999/// %G eng %0 Generic %D 1999 %T Numerical Tissue Characterization in MS via Standardization of the MR Image Intensity Scale %A Yiyue Ge %A Jayaram K Udupa %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Lougang Wei %A Robert J Grossman %8 1999/// %G eng %0 Generic %D 1999 %T On Standardizing the MR Image Intensity Scale %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Jayaram K Udupa %8 1999/// %G eng %0 Journal Article %J MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE %D 1999 %T On standardizing the MR image intensity scale %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Jayaram K Udupa %X The lack of a standard image intensity scale in MRI causes manydifficulties in image display and analysis. A two-step postprocessing method is proposed for standardizing the intensity scale in such a way that for the same MR protocol and body region, similar intensities will have similar tissue meaning. In the first step, the parameters of the standardizing transformation are "learned" from a set of images. In the second step, for each MR study these parameters are used to map their histogram into the standardized histogram. The method was tested quantitatively on 90 whole-brain studies of multiple sclerosis patients for several protocols and qualitatively for several other protocols and body regions. Measurements using mean squared difference showed that the standardized image intensities have statistically significantly (P < 0.01) more consistent range and meaning than the originals. Fixed gray level windows can be established for the standardized images and used for display without the need of per case adjustment. Preliminary results also indicate that the method facilitates improving the degree of automation of image segmentation. Magn Reson Med 42:1072-1081, 1999. %B MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE %V 42 %P 1072 - 1081 %8 1999/// %@ 0740-3194 %G eng %N 6 %! MAGN RESON MED %0 Journal Article %J COMPUTERIZED MEDICAL IMAGING AND GRAPHICS %D 1998 %T A comparison of lossless compression methods for medical images %A Juha Kivijarvi %A Tamás Ojala %A Timo Kaukoranta %A Attila Kuba %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Olli Nevalainen %X In this work, lossless grayscale image compression methods arecompared on a medical image database. The database contains 10 different types of images with bit rates varying from 8 to 16 bits per pixel. The total number of test images was about 3000, originating from 125 different patient studies. Methods used for compressing the images include seven methods designed for grayscale images and 18 ordinary general-purpose compression programs. Furthermore, four compressed image file formats were used. The results show that the compression ratios strongly depend on the type of the image. The best methods turned out to be TMW, CALIC and JPEG-LS. The analysis step in TMW is very time-consuming. CALIC gives high compression ratios in a reasonable time, whereas JPEG-LS is nearly as effective and very fast. %B COMPUTERIZED MEDICAL IMAGING AND GRAPHICS %V 22 %P 323 - 339 %8 1998/// %@ 0895-6111 %G eng %N 4 %! COMPUT MED IMAG GRAP %0 Generic %D 1998 %T The Comparison of Lossless Compression Methods in the Case of a Medical Image Database %A Juha Kivijarvi %A Tamás Ojala %A Timo Kaukoranta %A Attila Kuba %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Olli Nevalainen %8 1998/// %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B Magyar Radiológusok Társasága XIX. Kongresszusa %D 1998 %T Experience with the SZOTE PACS Starting Operations %A László Almási %A Zsolt Sóti %A Attila Kuba %A Zoltán Alexin %A Antal Nagy %A László Gábor Nyúl %A László Csernay %X

Introduction: During the last four years a Picture Archiving andCommunication System (PACS) has been developed in the University mainly for educational purposes. The original intention was to use the system as a non-stop routine PACS, so the images of the modalities of the system should be available to the workstations connected to the University network at the different clinics. Material and method: Two CTs, one MR, one ultrasound, three fluoroscopy devices, two SPECTs, two gamma cameras and one X-ray film scanner have been connected to the computer network at SZOTE. One Silicon Graphics Challenge DM central image server collects the images and related data. The picture archiving and communication is DICOM conform. An ORACLE data management system facilitates the data retrieval. Step by step testing of the operation of the system began with the transport, conversion and archiving of images of two CTs, one MR and one SPECT: Results: The daily archiving of about 5000 images on 80-100 patients gradually demonstrated the slight incompatibility of DICOM or Interfile of the image modalities or converter stations and the minor shortcomings of the software. Three educational cabinets have been installed, in which the practical teaching of radiology has been performed since 1996. Discussion/conclusion: Full automatization is necessary for handling such huge amount of images. For this the PACS and RIS/HIS connection was needed which was successed as well.

%B Magyar Radiológusok Társasága XIX. Kongresszusa %I Magyar Radiológus Társaság %C Budapest %P 68 %8 June 1998 %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B Magyar Radiológusok Társasága XIX. Kongresszusa %D 1998 %T Experience with the SZOTE PACS Starting Operations %A László Almási %A Zsolt Sóti %A Attila Kuba %A Zoltán Alexin %A Antal Nagy %A László Gábor Nyúl %A László Csernay %X

Introduction: During the last four years a Picture Archiving andCommunication System (PACS) has been developed in the University mainly for educational purposes. The original intention was to use the system as a non-stop routine PACS, so the images of the modalities of the system should be available to the workstations connected to the University network at the different clinics. Material and method: Two CTs, one MR, one ultrasound, three fluoroscopy devices, two SPECTs, two gamma cameras and one X-ray film scanner have been connected to the computer network at SZOTE. One Silicon Graphics Challenge DM central image server collects the images and related data. The picture archiving and communication is DICOM conform. An ORACLE data management system facilitates the data retrieval. Step by step testing of the operation of the system began with the transport, conversion and archiving of images of two CTs, one MR and one SPECT: Results: The daily archiving of about 5000 images on 80-100 patients gradually demonstrated the slight incompatibility of DICOM or Interfile of the image modalities or converter stations and the minor shortcomings of the software. Three educational cabinets have been installed, in which the practical teaching of radiology has been performed since 1996. Discussion/conclusion: Full automatization is necessary for handling such huge amount of images. For this the PACS and RIS/HIS connection was needed which was successed as well.

%B Magyar Radiológusok Társasága XIX. Kongresszusa %I Magyar Radiológus Társaság %C Budapest %P 68 %8 June 1998 %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B EuroPACS Annual Meeting %D 1998 %T Experience with the SZOTE-PACS Starting Operations %A László Almási %A Zsolt Sóti %A Attila Kuba %A Zoltán Alexin %A Antal Nagy %A László Gábor Nyúl %A László Csernay %E Joaquim Piqueras %E Joan-Carles Carreno %B EuroPACS Annual Meeting %C Barcelona %P 43 - 44 %8 Oct 1998 %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B EuroPACS Annual Meeting %D 1998 %T Experience with the SZOTE-PACS Starting Operations %A László Almási %A Zsolt Sóti %A Attila Kuba %A Zoltán Alexin %A Antal Nagy %A László Gábor Nyúl %A László Csernay %E Joaquim Piqueras %E Joan-Carles Carreno %B EuroPACS Annual Meeting %C Barcelona %P 43 - 44 %8 Oct 1998 %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B Magyar Radiológusok Társasága XIX. Kongresszusa %D 1998 %T Image Presentation in the SZOTE-PACS %A Zsolt Sóti %A László Almási %A Attila Kuba %A Zoltán Alexin %A Antal Nagy %A László Gábor Nyúl %A László Csernay %X

The SZOTE Picture Archiving and Communication System (SZOTEPACS) is used for: - teaching graduate and postgraduate students - picture archiving for scientific purposes - archiving and consulting data from radiological and nuclear medicine examinations In order to implement these tasks, archiving is not enough; it is also necessary to display images in various clinics and departments. On the basis of the cost/benefit principle, after an appropriate selection, Silicon Graphics workstations (Indy Modeler R5000PC microprocessor, 32 MB RM, 1 GB disc, 17”/8 bit color monitor) and Albacom Activa Standard computers (Intel Pentium 200 Mhz CPU, 32 MB EDO RAM, 2.1 GB disc, 17” GoldStar 78i color monitor) were implemented into the system. The problem of a relatively easy and fast search in the PACS image database is solved, if access is granted. The images are transferred to the workstations (viewing stations) in DICOM 3.0 format. The images processing program OSIRIS is suitable for the processing of images in DICOM format. The resolution of the viewing station display is: Silicon Graphics 1280 x 1024 x 8 bit; Albacom 1600 x 1200 x 8 bit. For the matrix specified above, the 256 grey scale is suitable for display of the chosen images in good quality, consultation with clinicians, and the comparison of control examinations with previous ones.

%B Magyar Radiológusok Társasága XIX. Kongresszusa %I Magyar Radiológus Társaság %C Budapest %P 56 %8 June 1998 %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B Magyar Radiológusok Társasága XIX. Kongresszusa %D 1998 %T Image Presentation in the SZOTE-PACS %A Zsolt Sóti %A László Almási %A Attila Kuba %A Zoltán Alexin %A Antal Nagy %A László Gábor Nyúl %A László Csernay %X

The SZOTE Picture Archiving and Communication System (SZOTEPACS) is used for: - teaching graduate and postgraduate students - picture archiving for scientific purposes - archiving and consulting data from radiological and nuclear medicine examinations In order to implement these tasks, archiving is not enough; it is also necessary to display images in various clinics and departments. On the basis of the cost/benefit principle, after an appropriate selection, Silicon Graphics workstations (Indy Modeler R5000PC microprocessor, 32 MB RM, 1 GB disc, 17”/8 bit color monitor) and Albacom Activa Standard computers (Intel Pentium 200 Mhz CPU, 32 MB EDO RAM, 2.1 GB disc, 17” GoldStar 78i color monitor) were implemented into the system. The problem of a relatively easy and fast search in the PACS image database is solved, if access is granted. The images are transferred to the workstations (viewing stations) in DICOM 3.0 format. The images processing program OSIRIS is suitable for the processing of images in DICOM format. The resolution of the viewing station display is: Silicon Graphics 1280 x 1024 x 8 bit; Albacom 1600 x 1200 x 8 bit. For the matrix specified above, the 256 grey scale is suitable for display of the chosen images in good quality, consultation with clinicians, and the comparison of control examinations with previous ones.

%B Magyar Radiológusok Társasága XIX. Kongresszusa %I Magyar Radiológus Társaság %C Budapest %P 56 %8 June 1998 %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B 16th EuroPACS Annual Meeting %D 1998 %T Lossless Image Compression in SZOTE-PACS %A László Martonossy %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Antal Nagy %A Attila Kuba %A Olli Nevalainen %A László Csernay %E Joaquim Piqueras %E Joan-Carles Carreno %B 16th EuroPACS Annual Meeting %I * %C Barcelona %P 95 - 98 %8 Oct 1998 %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B 16th EuroPACS Annual Meeting %D 1998 %T Lossless Image Compression in SZOTE-PACS %A László Martonossy %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Antal Nagy %A Attila Kuba %A Olli Nevalainen %A László Csernay %E Joaquim Piqueras %E Joan-Carles Carreno %B 16th EuroPACS Annual Meeting %I * %C Barcelona %P 95 - 98 %8 Oct 1998 %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B Conference of PhD Students in Computer Science %D 1998 %T Software Development of Medical Image Archiving System %A Antal Nagy %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Zoltán Alexin %B Conference of PhD Students in Computer Science %I József Attila Tudományegyetem %C Szeged %V Volume of Extended Abstracts %P 79 %8 July 1998 %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B Conference of PhD Students in Computer Science %D 1998 %T Software Development of Medical Image Archiving System %A Antal Nagy %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Zoltán Alexin %B Conference of PhD Students in Computer Science %I József Attila Tudományegyetem %C Szeged %V Volume of Extended Abstracts %P 79 %8 July 1998 %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B Magyar Radiológusok Társasága XIX. Kongresszusa %D 1998 %T The Software of the Digital Picture Archiving and Communication System Based on DICOM Standard at SZOTE %A Antal Nagy %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Zoltán Alexin %A Attila Kuba %A László Csernay %X

SZOTE-PACS has been developed since 1995. The aim was to collectdigital images produced by existing and new medical imaging modalities which are placed in different buildings. After collection the images are transmitted and built in to a central database. From the images database the PACS users are able to query study data and images easily. The software system consists of three main type of clients: the admitting, the server and the viewing subsystems taking into account the local circumstances. The images produced by the modalities go to the admitting stations. The studies that are not in DICOM format (Interfile, ACR-NEMA 2.0) are converted to DICOM. All studies are sent to the PACSW server in DICOM format. The images are managed by an Oracle Database Se3rver on the PACWS server. The end users are able to query the data by SQL at the viewing stations. The SZOTE-PACS system provides an efficient PACS for physicians, medical doctors and students. It can be used for making educational material, scientific work and diagnosis as well. The completed parts, the process of the working and the plan of the future development of this software system will be presented.

%B Magyar Radiológusok Társasága XIX. Kongresszusa %I Magyar Radiológus Társaság %C Budapest %P 55 %8 June 1998 %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B Magyar Radiológusok Társasága XIX. Kongresszusa %D 1998 %T The Software of the Digital Picture Archiving and Communication System Based on DICOM Standard at SZOTE %A Antal Nagy %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Zoltán Alexin %A Attila Kuba %A László Csernay %X

SZOTE-PACS has been developed since 1995. The aim was to collectdigital images produced by existing and new medical imaging modalities which are placed in different buildings. After collection the images are transmitted and built in to a central database. From the images database the PACS users are able to query study data and images easily. The software system consists of three main type of clients: the admitting, the server and the viewing subsystems taking into account the local circumstances. The images produced by the modalities go to the admitting stations. The studies that are not in DICOM format (Interfile, ACR-NEMA 2.0) are converted to DICOM. All studies are sent to the PACSW server in DICOM format. The images are managed by an Oracle Database Se3rver on the PACWS server. The end users are able to query the data by SQL at the viewing stations. The SZOTE-PACS system provides an efficient PACS for physicians, medical doctors and students. It can be used for making educational material, scientific work and diagnosis as well. The completed parts, the process of the working and the plan of the future development of this software system will be presented.

%B Magyar Radiológusok Társasága XIX. Kongresszusa %I Magyar Radiológus Társaság %C Budapest %P 55 %8 June 1998 %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B International Conference on Information Technology Interfaces (ITI) %D 1998 %T The Software System of the Picture Archiving and Communication System in Szeged %A Antal Nagy %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Zoltán Alexin %A Attila Kuba %E Damir Kalpic %E Vesna Hljuz Dobrić %X

SZOTE-PACS is a joint software development for archiving andtransferring medical studies of the József Attila University and the Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical University of Szeged. The system is able to collect medical studies from different imaging modalities and store those studies in common standardised DICOM format in a central Oracle database. There is an end user application that can search for specific studies in the central database. The archived medical images can be presented and processed at the viewing stations. SZOTE-PACS also supports the creation and presentation of educational material for medical students.

%B International Conference on Information Technology Interfaces (ITI) %I University of Zagreb %C Zagreb %P 183 - 187 %8 June 1998 %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B International Conference on Information Technology Interfaces (ITI) %D 1998 %T The Software System of the Picture Archiving and Communication System in Szeged %A Antal Nagy %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Zoltán Alexin %A Attila Kuba %E Damir Kalpic %E Vesna Hljuz Dobrić %X

SZOTE-PACS is a joint software development for archiving andtransferring medical studies of the József Attila University and the Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical University of Szeged. The system is able to collect medical studies from different imaging modalities and store those studies in common standardised DICOM format in a central Oracle database. There is an end user application that can search for specific studies in the central database. The archived medical images can be presented and processed at the viewing stations. SZOTE-PACS also supports the creation and presentation of educational material for medical students.

%B International Conference on Information Technology Interfaces (ITI) %I University of Zagreb %C Zagreb %P 183 - 187 %8 1998.06.16 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J RADIOLOGY %D 1998 %T On Standardizing the MR Image Intensity Scale %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Jayaram K Udupa %X PURPOSE: MR image intensities have varying ranges and meaningeven for the same protocol (P) and body region (D). This causes many difficulties in image display and analysis. This exhibit describes a method of standardizing the intensity scale, so that for the same P and D, similar intensities will have similar meaning. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the TRAINING phase (done only once for a given P and D), the parameters of the standardizing transformation are "learnt" from an image set. In the MAPPING phase, done for each MR study, these parameters are utilized to determine the mapping needed to deform its histogram into the standardized histogram. The method was tested quantitatively on 90 brain FSE T2, PD and T1 studies of MS patients and qualitatively on an additional 15 SE PD, T1 and SPGR studies of the brain and foot. RESULTS: As measured by mean squared difference, standardized images have statistically significantly (p<0.01) more consistent range and meaning than those without. Fixed windows that do not require per study adjustment can be established for the standardized images. CONCLUSIONS: Standardizing MR intensity scales to overcome the difficulties due to widely varying intensity meaning is feasible by protocol and body region. This can be implemented in a PACS via DICOM value of interest look up tables. %B RADIOLOGY %V 209 %P 581 - 582 %8 1998/// %@ 0033-8419 %G eng %N SUPPL P %! RADIOLOGY %0 Conference Paper %B Magyar Radiológusok Társasága XIX. Kongresszusa %D 1998 %T Structure of the SZOTE-PACS %A László Csernay %A László Almási %A Zsolt Sóti %A János Jánosi %A Zoltán Alexin %A Antal Nagy %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Attila Kuba %X

Introduction: The progress in computer techniques has resultedin the digital archivation and transport of images of radiology and nuclear medicine without loss of information. The images and image series produced by various image modalities are converted to a uniform image format, which provides their interconnectivity and interoperability. The image transport is very important at hospitals comprising pavilion systems. Material and method: Through the computer network of the SZOTE Picture Archiving and Communication System (SZOTE PACS) serves the radiology education with the aid of computer displays. Result: ATM network devices allow the fast transfer of images. Silicon Graphics and PC viewing stations provide fast image processing and presentation. Use of the DICOM standards in SZOTE PACS permits the development of teleradiology services. Discussion: The hardware structure and the parameters of the system will be presented in detail. The PACS is connected to the Radiology Information System of the Department of Radiology and the Department of Nuclear Medicine. Conclusion: This makes automatic image archiving possible. The system is user-friendly: it can be handled with minimum computer knowledge. A group has been established at the University to perform the PACS management.

%B Magyar Radiológusok Társasága XIX. Kongresszusa %I Magyar Radiológus Társaság %C Budapest %P 67 %8 June 1998 %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B Magyar Radiológusok Társasága XIX. Kongresszusa %D 1998 %T Structure of the SZOTE-PACS %A László Csernay %A László Almási %A Zsolt Sóti %A János Jánosi %A Zoltán Alexin %A Antal Nagy %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Attila Kuba %X

Introduction: The progress in computer techniques has resultedin the digital archivation and transport of images of radiology and nuclear medicine without loss of information. The images and image series produced by various image modalities are converted to a uniform image format, which provides their interconnectivity and interoperability. The image transport is very important at hospitals comprising pavilion systems. Material and method: Through the computer network of the SZOTE Picture Archiving and Communication System (SZOTE PACS) serves the radiology education with the aid of computer displays. Result: ATM network devices allow the fast transfer of images. Silicon Graphics and PC viewing stations provide fast image processing and presentation. Use of the DICOM standards in SZOTE PACS permits the development of teleradiology services. Discussion: The hardware structure and the parameters of the system will be presented in detail. The PACS is connected to the Radiology Information System of the Department of Radiology and the Department of Nuclear Medicine. Conclusion: This makes automatic image archiving possible. The system is user-friendly: it can be handled with minimum computer knowledge. A group has been established at the University to perform the PACS management.

%B Magyar Radiológusok Társasága XIX. Kongresszusa %I Magyar Radiológus Társaság %C Budapest %P 67 %8 June 1998 %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B A számítástechnika orvosi és biológiai alkalmazásai: A XXI. Neumann Kollokvium Kiadványa %D 1998 %T Tapasztalatok a DICOM szabvánnyal a SZOTE-PACS-ban %A Antal Nagy %A László Gábor Nyúl %E György Kozmann %E K Szakolczai %X

1995-ben, amikor a SZOTE-PACS fejlesztése elkezdődött, a DICOMszabványt választottuk, mint közös file formátumot a vizsgálati képek átvitelére. Ebben a cikkben a DICOM-mal kapcsolatos problémáinkat és a megoldásokat fogjuk ismertetni. Tapasztalataink szerint a problémák nagy része a szabványnak a szoftver-gyártók által hibás vagy hiányos megvalósításával magyarázható. Kis változtatások után az adatátvitel különböző rendszerek és modalitások között általában sikeres volt. A szabványt ellenőrző általunk fejlesztett eszközök nagyban segítették a munkánkat ebben. Külön kitérünk a rendszerben használt automatikus műveletek ismertetésére és ezek továbbfejlesztésére.

%B A számítástechnika orvosi és biológiai alkalmazásai: A XXI. Neumann Kollokvium Kiadványa %I NJSZT %C Veszprém %P 71 - 73 %8 Nov 1998 %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B A számítástechnika orvosi és biológiai alkalmazásai: A XXI. Neumann Kollokvium Kiadványa %D 1998 %T Tapasztalatok a DICOM szabvánnyal a SZOTE-PACS-ban %A Antal Nagy %A László Gábor Nyúl %E György Kozmann %E K Szakolczai %X

1995-ben, amikor a SZOTE-PACS fejlesztése elkezdődött, a DICOMszabványt választottuk, mint közös file formátumot a vizsgálati képek átvitelére. Ebben a cikkben a DICOM-mal kapcsolatos problémáinkat és a megoldásokat fogjuk ismertetni. Tapasztalataink szerint a problémák nagy része a szabványnak a szoftver-gyártók által hibás vagy hiányos megvalósításával magyarázható. Kis változtatások után az adatátvitel különböző rendszerek és modalitások között általában sikeres volt. A szabványt ellenőrző általunk fejlesztett eszközök nagyban segítették a munkánkat ebben. Külön kitérünk a rendszerben használt automatikus műveletek ismertetésére és ezek továbbfejlesztésére.

%B A számítástechnika orvosi és biológiai alkalmazásai: A XXI. Neumann Kollokvium Kiadványa %I NJSZT %C Veszprém %P 71 - 73 %8 Nov 1998 %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B A Képfeldolgozók és Alakfelismerők Társaságának konferenciája - KÉPAF 1997 %D 1997 %T Adatvédelem és jogosultság a SZOTE képarchiváló és továbbító rendszerébenMagyar Képfeldolgozók és Alakfelismerők Országos Konferenciája %A Gábor Bánfi %A Attila Kuba %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Antal Nagy %E Tamas Sziranyi %E József Berke %X

Egy tervet ismertetünk, amellyel orvosi képarchiváló- éstovábbító rendszerek adatvédelme és jogosultsága biztosítható nyilvános számítógépes hálózatok esetén is. A védelem azon alapszik, hogy a hálózatba küldött üzeneteket a DICOM protokoll megfelelő szintjén küdoljuk. A jogosultság ellenőrzését pedig egy új, a DICOM protokollba beépített parancs-pár teszi lehetővé.

%B A Képfeldolgozók és Alakfelismerők Társaságának konferenciája - KÉPAF 1997 %I Pannon Agrártudományi Egyetem Georgikon Mezőgazdaságtudományi Kar %C Keszthely %P 186 - 188 %8 Oct 1997 %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B A Képfeldolgozók és Alakfelismerők Társaságának konferenciája - KÉPAF 1997 %D 1997 %T Adatvédelem és jogosultság a SZOTE képarchiváló és továbbító rendszerében %A Gábor Bánfi %A Attila Kuba %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Antal Nagy %E Tamas Sziranyi %E József Berke %X

Egy tervet ismertetünk, amellyel orvosi képarchiváló- éstovábbító rendszerek adatvédelme és jogosultsága biztosítható nyilvános számítógépes hálózatok esetén is. A védelem azon alapszik, hogy a hálózatba küldött üzeneteket a DICOM protokoll megfelelő szintjén küdoljuk. A jogosultság ellenőrzését pedig egy új, a DICOM protokollba beépített parancs-pár teszi lehetővé.

%B A Képfeldolgozók és Alakfelismerők Társaságának konferenciája - KÉPAF 1997 %I Pannon Agrártudományi Egyetem Georgikon Mezőgazdaságtudományi Kar %C Keszthely %P 186 - 188 %8 Oct 1997 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J MAGYAR RADIOLÓGIA %D 1997 %T Moduláris DICOM-alapú kép-archiváló és -továbbító rendszer a SZOTE-n %A Zoltán Alexin %A Attila Kuba %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Antal Nagy %X Többéves fejlesztési munka eredményeként elkészült a SZOTE kép-archiváló és -továbbító rendszere, a SZOTE-PACS (Picture Archiving and Communication Systems - PACS). Olyan rendszert készítettünk, amely csaknem valamennyi modalitásról képes vizsgálatokat begyűjteni, azokat szabványos DICOm formára átkonvertálni, a központi szerverre átküldeni, ott archiválni és a különböző megjelenítő és feldolgozó állomásokról igényelt vizsgálatokat az Archívumból kiadni. A SZOTE-PACS többféle számítógépes platformon (UNIX, PC, Amiga) képes működni. Egységes grafikus felhasználói felület segíti a felhasználók munkáját. A moduláris felépítés lehetővé teszi, hogy a különféle alrendszerek onállóan végezzenek el feladatokat (pl. adatgyűjtés és -konverzió, archiválás, feldolgozás és megjelenítés). Az Archívumban való keresést Oracle adatbáziskezelő segíti. Ugyancsak az Oracle segítségével oldottuk meg az Archívum adatvédelmét azáltal, hogy csak a megfelelő jogosultsággal rendelkező felhasználók férhetnek hozzá az Archívum számukra engedélyezett részéhez. A SZOTE-PACS támogatja a demonstrációs (oktatási, kutatási) anyagok készítését azáltal, hogy a vizsgálatok (képek, szövegek, numerikus adatok) HTML formátumú kivitelét is lehetővé teszi. %B MAGYAR RADIOLÓGIA %V 71 %P 6 %8 1997/// %@ 0025-0287 %G eng %N SUPPL 1 %! MAGYAR RADIOLÓGIA %0 Journal Article %J MAGYAR RADIOLÓGIA %D 1997 %T Moduláris DICOM-alapú kép-archiváló és -továbbító rendszer a SZOTE-n %A Zoltán Alexin %A Attila Kuba %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Antal Nagy %X Többéves fejlesztési munka eredményeként elkészült a SZOTE kép-archiváló és -továbbító rendszere, a SZOTE-PACS (Picture Archiving and Communication Systems - PACS). Olyan rendszert készítettünk, amely csaknem valamennyi modalitásról képes vizsgálatokat begyűjteni, azokat szabványos DICOm formára átkonvertálni, a központi szerverre átküldeni, ott archiválni és a különböző megjelenítő és feldolgozó állomásokról igényelt vizsgálatokat az Archívumból kiadni. A SZOTE-PACS többféle számítógépes platformon (UNIX, PC, Amiga) képes működni. Egységes grafikus felhasználói felület segíti a felhasználók munkáját. A moduláris felépítés lehetővé teszi, hogy a különféle alrendszerek onállóan végezzenek el feladatokat (pl. adatgyűjtés és -konverzió, archiválás, feldolgozás és megjelenítés). Az Archívumban való keresést Oracle adatbáziskezelő segíti. Ugyancsak az Oracle segítségével oldottuk meg az Archívum adatvédelmét azáltal, hogy csak a megfelelő jogosultsággal rendelkező felhasználók férhetnek hozzá az Archívum számukra engedélyezett részéhez. A SZOTE-PACS támogatja a demonstrációs (oktatási, kutatási) anyagok készítését azáltal, hogy a vizsgálatok (képek, szövegek, numerikus adatok) HTML formátumú kivitelét is lehetővé teszi. %B MAGYAR RADIOLÓGIA %V 71 %P 6 %8 1997 %@ 0025-0287 %G eng %N SUPPL 1 %! MAGYAR RADIOLÓGIA %0 Conference Paper %B A Képfeldolgozók és Alakfelismerők Társaságának konferenciája - KÉPAF 1997 %D 1997 %T Orvosi képarchiváló és továbbító rendszer szoftvere %A Attila Kuba %A Zoltán Alexin %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Antal Nagy %A László Csernay %A László Almási %E Tamas Sziranyi %E József Berke %X

Az ismertetendő képarchiváló és -továbbító rendszer a szegediOrvostudományi Egyetem számára készült. A fejlesztés fő célja az volt, hogy egy olyan rendszert állítsunk elő, amely összegyájti a különböző képfelvevő berendezések (pl. CT, MR, NM, SPECT, US) által előállított beteg vizsgálatokat. A SZOTE-PACS a vizsgálatokat DICOM szabvány szerint archiválja Oracle adatbázis kezelő rendszerrel. Ezeket a vizsgálatokat a felhasználók lekérhetik az archívumból egy könnyen használható grafikus felülettel rendelkező programmal. Az adatbázisban tárolt képeket és egyéb információkat fel lehet használni oktatási anyag készítéséhez az orvostanhallgatók számára.

%B A Képfeldolgozók és Alakfelismerők Társaságának konferenciája - KÉPAF 1997 %I Pannon Agrártudományi Egyetem Georgikon Mezőgazdaságtudományi Kar %C Keszthely %P 189 - 193 %8 1997.10.09 %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B Magyar Képfeldolgozók és Alakfelismerők Országos Konferenciája %D 1997 %T Orvosi képarchiváló és továbbító rendszer szoftvere %A Attila Kuba %A Zoltán Alexin %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Antal Nagy %A László Csernay %A László Almási %E Tamas Sziranyi %E József Berke %X

Az ismertetendő képarchiváló és -továbbító rendszer a szegediOrvostudományi Egyetem számára készült. A fejlesztés fő célja az volt, hogy egy olyan rendszert állítsunk elő, amely összegyájti a különböző képfelvevő berendezések (pl. CT, MR, NM, SPECT, US) által előállított beteg vizsgálatokat. A SZOTE-PACS a vizsgálatokat DICOM szabvány szerint archiválja Oracle adatbázis kezelő rendszerrel. Ezeket a vizsgálatokat a felhasználók lekérhetik az archívumból egy könnyen használható grafikus felülettel rendelkező programmal. Az adatbázisban tárolt képeket és egyéb információkat fel lehet használni oktatási anyag készítéséhez az orvostanhallgatók számára.

%B Magyar Képfeldolgozók és Alakfelismerők Országos Konferenciája %I Pannon Agrártudományi Egyetem Georgikon Mezőgazdaságtudományi Kar %C Keszthely %P 189 - 193 %8 1997.10.09 %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B 15th EuroPACS Annual Meeting %D 1997 %T Problems and Solutions: One Year Experience with SZOTE-PACS %A Antal Nagy %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Attila Kuba %A Zoltán Alexin %A László Almási %E Carlo Bartolozzi %E Davide Caramella %X

In 1995 when the development of the SZOTE-PACS (PACS of theAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical University) begun, we chose DICOM as the common file format and a possible file transfer protocol for our PACS. Now, we present the problems and our solutions connected with the application of the DICOM standard. According to our experiences the problems can be explained as the misinterpretation of the complex, complicated and extensive standard. After some minor adjustments the exchange of study data between different systems, vendors, and even modalities was generally successful. Diagnostic tools for testing DICOM files coming from different modalities are a help to the adjustments. In the second part we present the automatic procedures built into SZOTE-PACS: automatic data-conversion, -edition (including existing RIS data and predefined study parameters), lossless image data compression, checking and transmission to the Archive.

%B 15th EuroPACS Annual Meeting %I * %C Pisa %P 39 - 42 %8 Sep 1997 %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B 15th EuroPACS Annual Meeting %D 1997 %T Problems and Solutions: One Year Experience with SZOTE-PACS %A Antal Nagy %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Attila Kuba %A Zoltán Alexin %A László Almási %E Carlo Bartolozzi %E Davide Caramella %X

In 1995 when the development of the SZOTE-PACS (PACS of theAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical University) begun, we chose DICOM as the common file format and a possible file transfer protocol for our PACS. Now, we present the problems and our solutions connected with the application of the DICOM standard. According to our experiences the problems can be explained as the misinterpretation of the complex, complicated and extensive standard. After some minor adjustments the exchange of study data between different systems, vendors, and even modalities was generally successful. Diagnostic tools for testing DICOM files coming from different modalities are a help to the adjustments. In the second part we present the automatic procedures built into SZOTE-PACS: automatic data-conversion, -edition (including existing RIS data and predefined study parameters), lossless image data compression, checking and transmission to the Archive.

%B 15th EuroPACS Annual Meeting %I * %C Pisa, Italy %P 39 - 42 %8 Sep 1997 %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B International EuroPACS Meeting, EuroPACS '96 %D 1996 %T DICOM Based PACS and Its Application in the Education %A Attila Kuba %A Zoltán Alexin %A Antal Nagy %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Kálmán Palágyi %A Mariann Nagy %A László Almási %A László Csernay %E S Orphanoudakis %X

SZOTE-PACS is a DICOM based PACS developed at the Universitiesof Szeged. It is able to collect studies from different modalities and convert them into DICOM format. The DICOM studies can be edited, modified by RIS data, then verified and transferred into the archiving server. There is a graphic application based on Oracle for searching and other database management functions of the Archive. The archived studies can be presented and/or processed on the viewing workstations. SZOTE- PACS also supports the creation and presentation of educational materials fror medical students.

%B International EuroPACS Meeting, EuroPACS '96 %P 46 - 49 %8 Oct 1996 %G eng %9 Conference paper %0 Conference Paper %B International EuroPACS Meeting, EuroPACS '96 %D 1996 %T DICOM Based PACS and Its Application in the Education %A Attila Kuba %A Zoltán Alexin %A Antal Nagy %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Kálmán Palágyi %A Mariann Nagy %A László Almási %A László Csernay %E S Orphanoudakis %X

SZOTE-PACS is a DICOM based PACS developed at the Universitiesof Szeged. It is able to collect studies from different modalities and convert them into DICOM format. The DICOM studies can be edited, modified by RIS data, then verified and transferred into the archiving server. There is a graphic application based on Oracle for searching and other database management functions of the Archive. The archived studies can be presented and/or processed on the viewing workstations. SZOTE- PACS also supports the creation and presentation of educational materials fror medical students.

%B International EuroPACS Meeting, EuroPACS '96 %P 46 - 49 %8 Oct 1996 %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B A számítástechnika orvosi és biológiai alkalmazásai: A XX. Neumann Kollokvium Kiadványa %D 1996 %T A DICOM szabvány megvalósítása és alkalmazásai %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Antal Nagy %E György Kozmann %X

A DICOM (Digital Imaging and COmmunication in Medicine) azorvosi vizsgálatok képeinek (CT, NM, MR, SPECT stb.) és egyéb adatainak tárolását és a számítógépes hálózaton keresztül történő átvitelét leíró új szabvány, amely ma már általánosan elfogadottá vált a gyártók és a felhasználók körében egyaránt. Ez a szabvány meghatározza a különféle információs objektumok (képek, vizsgálati és beteg adatok stb.) tárolási formátumát, az azokhoz kapcsolódó máveleteket (létrehozás, törlés stb.) és a hálózati kommunikáció módját is. Az új szabvány megalkotásának célja az volt, hogy egységes kapcsolódási lehetőséget biztosítson a különféle orvosi képalkotó berendezések számára. A DICOM szabványnak megfelelő modalitások és számítógépek a TCP/IP kommunikációs protokol szerint (pl. az Interneten keresztül) képesek vizsgálati adatokat továbbítani egymásnak. Több mint két éve folyó fejlesztési munkánk célja egy olyan DICOM programcsomag kifejlesztése volt, amely a szabvány elterjedéséhez nyújt segítséget. Így például szükség van olyan konverziós programokra, amelyek biztosítják a régi, elterjedt formátumban (interfile, ACR-NEMA) megadott vizsgálatok átalakítását egységesen DICOM formátumra. Hasonlóképpek fontos a DICOM formátumú objektumok beolvasása, módosítása, listázása és kiírása. Az alapvető feladatok elvégzésére készítettünk egy szubrutin gyűjteményt. Erre építve írtunk konverziós programokat, különböző segédprogramokat és felhasználó-barát, grafikus felülettel rendelkező szerkesztő programokat. Az összes komponenes működik PC-s és UNIX-os platformon egyaránt. A moduláris felépítésnek és a szabvány-leírások speciális tárolásának köszönhetően a programok könnyen igazíthatók lesznek a DICOM későbbi módosításaihoz, bővítéseihez. Az elvégzett tesztek azt mutatják, hogy az általunk előállított DICOM objektumok megfelelnek a szabványnak. Az eddig elkészült programok a fejlesztés alatt lévő SZOTE-PACS-ben és a MicroSegams rendszerben kerültek felhasználásra.

%B A számítástechnika orvosi és biológiai alkalmazásai: A XX. Neumann Kollokvium Kiadványa %I NJSZT %C Budapest %P 177 - 180 %8 Nov 1996 %G eng %0 Book Section %B CAR '96 - Computer Assisted Radiology %D 1996 %T Educational PACS at the Medical University in Szeged %A Attila Kuba %A László Csernay %A L Kardos %A Zoltán Alexin %A Antal Nagy %A László Gábor Nyúl %A László Almási %E U H Lemke %E Kiyonari Inamura %E Michael W Vannier %E G A Farman %X This paper describes the Picture Archiving and CommunicationSystem (PACS) developed for the Medical University of Szeged. The main aims of the development were to provide a tool to collect studies from different format and to use the archived information in the education and in the clinical routine. The system is able to collect studies from CT, MR, NM, US, SPECT modalities, from X-film scanners and from any station communicating according to DICOM storage- query/retrieve service class. The data are automatically converted from Interfile 3.3, ACR-NEMA 2.0 or TIFF formats into DICOM 3.0 format and stored in the data-server of the system. The study headers can be edited by graphic editor programs. The PACS can collect information also from the Radiology Information System (RIS) of the Department. In order to have an effective database management the users may use Oracle to retrieve, present or modify data. The Oracle system stores the whole header information but does not contain the image data itself. The clients can reach the database using capabilities and it can be used to avoid unauthorized connections. Our DICOM server gives the studies to the processing stations (PC-s, UNIX workstations or X- terminals). Here the user can retrieve, process and present studies, furthermore, as a special aim, they can edit text and images into HTML format to create graduate and post-graduate educational material. Then this educational material can be stored also in the system/CD-ROMs and can be used in the training of medical students. Our PACS system is modular, flexible and based on a 4th generation functional programming language Tcl/Tk. This language has Oracle connection and graphical interfaces. In this way the same source code can be used by each client. %B CAR '96 - Computer Assisted Radiology %I Elsevier Science Publishers %C Amsterdam %P 1027 %8 1996/// %G eng %0 Book Section %B Informatika a felsőoktatásban '96 és Networkshop '96 %D 1996 %T Kép-archiváló és továbbító rendszer szoftverének fejlesztése (SZOTE-PACS) %A Attila Kuba %A Zoltán Alexin %A Antal Nagy %A László Gábor Nyúl %A László Csernay %E Péter Bakonyi %E Miklós Herdon %X The Picture Archiving and Communication System developed for theMedical University of Szeged (called SZOTE-PACS) is described. The main aim of the development was to provide a system that collects patient studies from different radiology imaging modalities (e.g., CT, MR, NM). SZOTE-PACS archives the studies in a standard format (DICOM 3.0) with Oracle database system and the user can retrieve them by an easy-to-use graphic interface. The images and other information stored in the database can be used to edit educational material for medical university students. %B Informatika a felsőoktatásban '96 és Networkshop '96 %I Debreceni Egyetem %C Debrecen %P 1186 - 1192 %8 1996 %G eng %0 Book Section %B Informatika a felsőoktatásban '96 és Networkshop '96 %D 1996 %T Kép-archiváló és továbbító rendszer szoftverének fejlesztése (SZOTE-PACS) %A Attila Kuba %A Zoltán Alexin %A Antal Nagy %A László Gábor Nyúl %A László Csernay %E Péter Bakonyi %E Miklós Herdon %X The Picture Archiving and Communication System developed for theMedical University of Szeged (called SZOTE-PACS) is described. The main aim of the development was to provide a system that collects patient studies from different radiology imaging modalities (e.g., CT, MR, NM). SZOTE-PACS archives the studies in a standard format (DICOM 3.0) with Oracle database system and the user can retrieve them by an easy-to-use graphic interface. The images and other information stored in the database can be used to edit educational material for medical university students. %B Informatika a felsőoktatásban '96 és Networkshop '96 %I Debreceni Egyetem %C Debrecen %P 1186 - 1192 %8 1996/// %G eng %0 Journal Article %J MAGYAR RADIOLÓGIA %D 1996 %T Micsoda és mire jó a DICOM-3.0? %A László Csernay %A Attila Kuba %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Antal Nagy %A László Almási %A L Kardos %B MAGYAR RADIOLÓGIA %V 70 %P 67 - 72 %8 1996 %@ 0025-0287 %G eng %N SUPPL 1 %! MAGYAR RADIOLÓGIA %0 Journal Article %J MAGYAR RADIOLÓGIA %D 1996 %T Micsoda és mire jó a DICOM-3.0? %A László Csernay %A Attila Kuba %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Antal Nagy %A László Almási %A L Kardos %B MAGYAR RADIOLÓGIA %V 70 %P 67 - 72 %8 1996/// %@ 0025-0287 %G eng %N SUPPL 1 %! MAGYAR RADIOLÓGIA %0 Conference Paper %D 1996 %T Orvosi információs rendszerek a Szent-Györgyi Albert Orvostudományi Egyetemen: RIS, HIS és PACS. Információcsere a rendszerek között. %A László Almási %A Zsolt Sóti %A László Csernay %A Z Pavelka %A A Kelemen %A Attila Kuba %A Antal Nagy %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Zoltán Alexin %E György Kozmann %X

Radiológiával kapcsolatos szöveges és képi információkatEgyetemünkön több autonóm információs rendszer kezel. Ilyen az egészségügyi szolgáltatásokkal összefüggő adminisztratív és klinikai információk szervezésére szolgáló kórházi információs rendszer (HIS), a radiológiai szolgáltatásokat kezelő információs rendszer (RIS) és a digitális képtovábbító, képtároló és visszakereső rendszer (PACS). A rendszerek közötti információcsere sarkalatos probléma. A RIS- ből információt kell átvenni a PCS-ba. A HIS rendeléseinek számítógépes kezelése szükségessé teszi a RIS-hez történő kapcsolat kialakítását. A RIS és a PACS között egy ut. SQL gateway biztosítja az információcserét. A gateway program figyeli a UNIX alapú képszerverről szövegfájlban jövő szabványos SQL kéréseket, továbbítja a RIS Novell szervere felé és a lekérdezés eredményét visszaküldi. A RIS és HIS közötti gateway program az AS400 és RIS szerver között tartja a kapcsolatot, az információcsere DBF fájlok segítségével folyik. Végleges megoldást csak a szabványosítás hozhat. Az általunk fejlesztett PACS már DICOM konform, dolgozunk a RIS DICOM konformmá tételén. Mivel a DICOm tartalmazza a képalkotó berendezések, a PACS és a HIS/RIS kapcsolatot leíró szabványt, alkalmazása lehetővé teszi a rendszerek közötti közvetlen információcserét.

%I NJSZT %C Budapest %V A számítástechnika orvosi és biológiai alkalmazásai: A XX. Neumann Kollokvium Kiadványa %P 184 - 186 %8 1996.11.14 %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B A számítástechnika orvosi és biológiai alkalmazásai: A XX. Neumann Kollokvium Kiadványa %D 1996 %T Orvosi információs rendszerek a Szent-Györgyi Albert Orvostudományi Egyetemen: RIS, HIS és PACS. Információcsere a rendszerek között. %A László Almási %A Zsolt Sóti %A László Csernay %A Z Pavelka %A A Kelemen %A Attila Kuba %A Antal Nagy %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Zoltán Alexin %E György Kozmann %X

Radiológiával kapcsolatos szöveges és képi információkatEgyetemünkön több autonóm információs rendszer kezel. Ilyen az egészségügyi szolgáltatásokkal összefüggő adminisztratív és klinikai információk szervezésére szolgáló kórházi információs rendszer (HIS), a radiológiai szolgáltatásokat kezelő információs rendszer (RIS) és a digitális képtovábbító, képtároló és visszakereső rendszer (PACS). A rendszerek közötti információcsere sarkalatos probléma. A RIS- ből információt kell átvenni a PCS-ba. A HIS rendeléseinek számítógépes kezelése szükségessé teszi a RIS-hez történő kapcsolat kialakítását. A RIS és a PACS között egy ut. SQL gateway biztosítja az információcserét. A gateway program figyeli a UNIX alapú képszerverről szövegfájlban jövő szabványos SQL kéréseket, továbbítja a RIS Novell szervere felé és a lekérdezés eredményét visszaküldi. A RIS és HIS közötti gateway program az AS400 és RIS szerver között tartja a kapcsolatot, az információcsere DBF fájlok segítségével folyik. Végleges megoldást csak a szabványosítás hozhat. Az általunk fejlesztett PACS már DICOM konform, dolgozunk a RIS DICOM konformmá tételén. Mivel a DICOm tartalmazza a képalkotó berendezések, a PACS és a HIS/RIS kapcsolatot leíró szabványt, alkalmazása lehetővé teszi a rendszerek közötti közvetlen információcserét.

%B A számítástechnika orvosi és biológiai alkalmazásai: A XX. Neumann Kollokvium Kiadványa %I NJSZT %C Budapest %P 184 - 186 %8 Nov 1996 %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B A számítástechnika orvosi és biológiai alkalmazásai: A XX. Neumann Kollokvium Kiadványa %D 1996 %T SZOTE-PACS: A Szent-Györgyi Albert Orvostudományi Egyetem képarchiváló és továbbító rendszerének szoftvere %A Attila Kuba %A Zoltán Alexin %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Antal Nagy %A Kálmán Palágyi %A Mariann Dudásné Nagy %A László Csernay %A László Almási %E György Kozmann %X

A Szent-Györgyi Albert Orvostudományi Egyetem kép-archiváló és -továbbító rendszer (SZOTE-PACS) szoftverének a fejlesztését ismertetjük előadásunkban. A cél egy olyan számítógépes hálózat elkészítése, amely nemcsak a klinikai vizsgálatok képeinek tárolásával és átvitelével kapcsolatos feladatokat látja el, de támogatja az oktatási és konzultációs tevékenységéeket is. A SZOTE-PACS 3 részre bontható: képfelvevő, archiváló és megjelenítő állomásokra. A képfelvevő munkaállomásoknak kettős feladata van: egyrészt a különféle modalitásokon (CT, MR, NM, US és SPECT) vagy röntgenfilm-scanneren felvett, illetve a DICOM- szabványnak megfelelő állomásról beérkező vizsgálatok begyűjtése, másrészt az Interfile 3.3, ACR-NEMA 2.0 vagy TIFF formátumú vizsgálatok DICOM formátumra való automatikus konvertálása. A rendszer képes a Radiológiai Klinika Információs Rendszerében (RIS) levő információk átvételére és beépítésére is. Az így előkészített vizsgálatok átküldhetők a központi szerverre, ahol azok az archívumban automatiksan tárolódnak. A jelenlegi diszk kapacitás mellett 15 napig őrizzük a vizsgálatokat. A tervek szerint 15 nap után csak a képeket töröljük a szerverről, a vizsgálat egyéb (nem képi) adatai továbbra is megőrzésre kerülnek. Az archívumban Oracle adatbázis kezeéő rendszer segíti a visszakeresést, a mejelenítést és a módosítást. A feldolgozó munkaállomásokra (PC-k, UNOX-állomások vagy X-terminálok) kérheti le a felhasználó a szerveren tárolt vizsgálatokat. Itt jeleníthetők meg illetve dolgozhatók fel a vizsgálatok képei. Az orvostanhallgatók és doktoranduszok képzésére HTML-ben írt oktatási anyagok állíthatók össze a tárolt szöveges és képi adatokból. Az oktatási anyagokat a rendszer külön adatbázisban tárolja.

%B A számítástechnika orvosi és biológiai alkalmazásai: A XX. Neumann Kollokvium Kiadványa %I NJSZT %C Veszprém %P 173 - 176 %8 Nov 1996 %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B A számítástechnika orvosi és biológiai alkalmazásai: A XX. Neumann Kollokvium Kiadványa %D 1996 %T SZOTE-PACS: A Szent-Györgyi Albert Orvostudományi Egyetem képarchiváló és továbbító rendszerének szoftvere %A Attila Kuba %A Zoltán Alexin %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Antal Nagy %A Kálmán Palágyi %A Mariann Dudásné Nagy %A László Csernay %A László Almási %E György Kozmann %X

A Szent-Györgyi Albert Orvostudományi Egyetem kép-archiváló és -továbbító rendszer (SZOTE-PACS) szoftverének a fejlesztését ismertetjük előadásunkban. A cél egy olyan számítógépes hálózat elkészítése, amely nemcsak a klinikai vizsgálatok képeinek tárolásával és átvitelével kapcsolatos feladatokat látja el, de támogatja az oktatási és konzultációs tevékenységéeket is. A SZOTE-PACS 3 részre bontható: képfelvevő, archiváló és megjelenítő állomásokra. A képfelvevő munkaállomásoknak kettős feladata van: egyrészt a különféle modalitásokon (CT, MR, NM, US és SPECT) vagy röntgenfilm-scanneren felvett, illetve a DICOM- szabványnak megfelelő állomásról beérkező vizsgálatok begyűjtése, másrészt az Interfile 3.3, ACR-NEMA 2.0 vagy TIFF formátumú vizsgálatok DICOM formátumra való automatikus konvertálása. A rendszer képes a Radiológiai Klinika Információs Rendszerében (RIS) levő információk átvételére és beépítésére is. Az így előkészített vizsgálatok átküldhetők a központi szerverre, ahol azok az archívumban automatiksan tárolódnak. A jelenlegi diszk kapacitás mellett 15 napig őrizzük a vizsgálatokat. A tervek szerint 15 nap után csak a képeket töröljük a szerverről, a vizsgálat egyéb (nem képi) adatai továbbra is megőrzésre kerülnek. Az archívumban Oracle adatbázis kezeéő rendszer segíti a visszakeresést, a mejelenítést és a módosítást. A feldolgozó munkaállomásokra (PC-k, UNOX-állomások vagy X-terminálok) kérheti le a felhasználó a szerveren tárolt vizsgálatokat. Itt jeleníthetők meg illetve dolgozhatók fel a vizsgálatok képei. Az orvostanhallgatók és doktoranduszok képzésére HTML-ben írt oktatási anyagok állíthatók össze a tárolt szöveges és képi adatokból. Az oktatási anyagokat a rendszer külön adatbázisban tárolja.

%B A számítástechnika orvosi és biológiai alkalmazásai: A XX. Neumann Kollokvium Kiadványa %I NJSZT %C Veszprém %P 173 - 176 %8 Nov 1996 %G eng %0 Book Section %B Informatika a felsőoktatásban '96 és Networkshop '96 %D 1996 %T A többdimenziós képfeldolgozás programjai és oktatásuk %A Attila Kuba %A Attila Fazekas %A Kálmán Palágyi %A Antal Nagy %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Attila Pethő %E Péter Bakonyi %E Miklós Herdon %X Nowdays, the multidimensional (i.e. higher than 2-dimensional)image processing has been a strongly developing area. One of its most important application areas is the medicine, where numerous diagnostic imaging devices (e.g., CT, MR, SPECT etc.) are able to produce 3- or even higher dimensional images. We have studied the possibility of introduction of multidimensional image processing into the subjects of Image Processing at József Attila University. First, we considered the methods of generation of such images, then the different standards accepted in the medical applications. From the processing algorithms we have dealt with the 3D skeletons, binary operations, reconstruction and registration. These topics are discussed in the education of graduated and PhD students as well. %B Informatika a felsőoktatásban '96 és Networkshop '96 %I Debreceni Egyetem %C Debrecen %P 649 - 656 %8 1996/// %G eng %0 Book Section %B Informatika a felsőoktatásban '96 és Networkshop '96 %D 1996 %T A többdimenziós képfeldolgozás programjai és oktatásuk %A Attila Kuba %A Attila Fazekas %A Kálmán Palágyi %A Antal Nagy %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Attila Pethő %E Péter Bakonyi %E Miklós Herdon %X Nowdays, the multidimensional (i.e. higher than 2-dimensional)image processing has been a strongly developing area. One of its most important application areas is the medicine, where numerous diagnostic imaging devices (e.g., CT, MR, SPECT etc.) are able to produce 3- or even higher dimensional images. We have studied the possibility of introduction of multidimensional image processing into the subjects of Image Processing at József Attila University. First, we considered the methods of generation of such images, then the different standards accepted in the medical applications. From the processing algorithms we have dealt with the 3D skeletons, binary operations, reconstruction and registration. These topics are discussed in the education of graduated and PhD students as well. %B Informatika a felsőoktatásban '96 és Networkshop '96 %I Debreceni Egyetem %C Debrecen %P 649 - 656 %8 1996 %G eng %0 Generic %D 1995 %T Képfeldolgozó oktatási segédprogram (PicKit) %A Péter Molnár %A Antal Nagy %A László Gábor Nyúl %P - 46 %8 1995 %G eng %0 Generic %D 1995 %T Képfeldolgozó oktatási segédprogram (PicKit) %A Péter Molnár %A Antal Nagy %A László Gábor Nyúl %P - 46 %8 1995/// %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B 4th International Workshop Measurement %D 1995 %T Presentation of 3D SPECT images %A Attila Kuba %A Kálmán Palágyi %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Antal Nagy %A László Csernay %E Ivan Bajla %E K Karovic %X

The problem of presentation of 3D SPECT (Single-Photon EmissionComputed Tomography) images are considered. Instead of the classical 2D image presentation methods (displaying the slices) the following methods are studied: presentation of sections with a 3D reference image, generation of 3D phase and amplitude images (for gated heart studies), surface rendering and volume rendering by 3DVIEWNIX (MIGP, Univ. Pennsylvania) software. The projections are collected by a single-head SPECT system. After preprocessing (centre-of-rotation, uniformity correction) and reconstruction of the transversal sections absorption- correction and special 3D processing can be done. There are clinical programs for the different kinds of studies (e.g. brain SPECT, heart SPECT). The processed section images are stored and converted into Interfile 3.3 format. The first two presentation methods are available on our SPECT system. In order to use the 3DVIEWNIX software the file of the reconstructed sections is converted into a generalized ACR-NEMA format and transferred into our university network. The 3DVIEWNIX system runs on UNIX machines. It is suitable to visualize, manipulate and analyse multidimensional image data like SPECT. The results of the surface and volume rendering of brain and heart studies are presented.

%B 4th International Workshop Measurement %C Smolenice, Slovakia %P 82 %8 May 1995 %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B 4th International Workshop Measurement %D 1995 %T Presentation of 3D SPECT images %A Attila Kuba %A Kálmán Palágyi %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Antal Nagy %A László Csernay %E Ivan Bajla %E K Karovic %X

The problem of presentation of 3D SPECT (Single-Photon EmissionComputed Tomography) images are considered. Instead of the classical 2D image presentation methods (displaying the slices) the following methods are studied: presentation of sections with a 3D reference image, generation of 3D phase and amplitude images (for gated heart studies), surface rendering and volume rendering by 3DVIEWNIX (MIGP, Univ. Pennsylvania) software. The projections are collected by a single-head SPECT system. After preprocessing (centre-of-rotation, uniformity correction) and reconstruction of the transversal sections absorption- correction and special 3D processing can be done. There are clinical programs for the different kinds of studies (e.g. brain SPECT, heart SPECT). The processed section images are stored and converted into Interfile 3.3 format. The first two presentation methods are available on our SPECT system. In order to use the 3DVIEWNIX software the file of the reconstructed sections is converted into a generalized ACR-NEMA format and transferred into our university network. The 3DVIEWNIX system runs on UNIX machines. It is suitable to visualize, manipulate and analyse multidimensional image data like SPECT. The results of the surface and volume rendering of brain and heart studies are presented.

%B 4th International Workshop Measurement %C Smolenice, Slovakia %P 82 %8 May 1995 %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B Magyar Orvostudományi Nukleáris Társaság IX. Kongresszusa %D 1995 %T A SZOTE kép-archiváló és -továbbító rendszere %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Antal Nagy %A Attila Kuba %A László Csernay %X

A Szent-Györgyi Albert Orvostudományi Egyetem és a József AttilaTudományegyetem közös FEFA pályázatot nyert 1994-95-ben az Orvosegyetem oktatási célú kép-archiváló és -továbbító rendszerének (Picture Archiving and Communication System - PACS) és radiológiai információs rendszerének (Radiological Information System - RIS) a kialakítására. A rendszer hardware alapjait a már kialakított egyetemi számítógépes hálózat és a beszerzett illetve még beszerzés alatt álló komponensek (hálózati elemek, munkaállomások, scannerek, képmegjelenítők) biztosítják. Software terveink a következő részekből állnak: a) a különféle modalitásokról (pl. SPECT, CT, NM, MRI, ultrahang, scanner) származó vizsgálatokat begyűjtő és egységesen DICOM szabványú formátumra konvertáló alrendszer b) a vizsgálatokat a hálózaton keresztül az archívumba továbbító alrendszer c) a központi számítógépen működő archiválási alrendszer d) az archívumban tárolt vizsgálatokból oktatási anyagokat készítő (szerkesztő, válogató) és bemutató alrendszer e) és végül a rendszer üzemeltetését segítő karbantartási alrendszer. Előadásunkban ismertetjük a komplex rendszer software tervét, eddig elkészült részeit és az üzemeltetés során eddig szerzett tapasztalatokat.

%B Magyar Orvostudományi Nukleáris Társaság IX. Kongresszusa %C Eger %8 June 1995 %G eng %0 Conference Paper %B Magyar Orvostudományi Nukleáris Társaság IX. Kongresszusa %D 1995 %T A SZOTE kép-archiváló és -továbbító rendszere %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Antal Nagy %A Attila Kuba %A László Csernay %X

A Szent-Györgyi Albert Orvostudományi Egyetem és a József AttilaTudományegyetem közös FEFA pályázatot nyert 1994-95-ben az Orvosegyetem oktatási célú kép-archiváló és -továbbító rendszerének (Picture Archiving and Communication System - PACS) és radiológiai információs rendszerének (Radiological Information System - RIS) a kialakítására. A rendszer hardware alapjait a már kialakított egyetemi számítógépes hálózat és a beszerzett illetve még beszerzés alatt álló komponensek (hálózati elemek, munkaállomások, scannerek, képmegjelenítők) biztosítják. Software terveink a következő részekből állnak: a) a különféle modalitásokról (pl. SPECT, CT, NM, MRI, ultrahang, scanner) származó vizsgálatokat begyűjtő és egységesen DICOM szabványú formátumra konvertáló alrendszer b) a vizsgálatokat a hálózaton keresztül az archívumba továbbító alrendszer c) a központi számítógépen működő archiválási alrendszer d) az archívumban tárolt vizsgálatokból oktatási anyagokat készítő (szerkesztő, válogató) és bemutató alrendszer e) és végül a rendszer üzemeltetését segítő karbantartási alrendszer. Előadásunkban ismertetjük a komplex rendszer software tervét, eddig elkészült részeit és az üzemeltetés során eddig szerzett tapasztalatokat.

%B Magyar Orvostudományi Nukleáris Társaság IX. Kongresszusa %C Eger %8 June 1995 %G eng %0 Generic %D 1994 %T Képfeldolgozó oktatási segédprogram (PicKit) %A Péter Molnár %A Antal Nagy %A László Gábor Nyúl %P - 36 %8 1994 %G eng %0 Generic %D 1994 %T Képfeldolgozó oktatási segédprogram (PicKit) %A Péter Molnár %A Antal Nagy %A László Gábor Nyúl %P - 36 %8 1994/// %G eng %0 Generic %D 1994 %T Képfeldolgozó oktatási segédprogram (PicKit) %A László Gábor Nyúl %P - 61 %8 1994/// %G eng %0 Book Section %B MEDICOMP '94, Számítástechnikai és kibernetikai módszerek az orvostudományban és a biológiában %D 1994 %T Szabványos képformák orvosi képek tárolására %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Antal Nagy %A Kálmán Palágyi %A József Tolnai %A Attila Kuba %E Zoltán Hantos %X Az orvosi képalkotó berendezések fejlődésével elengedhetetlennévált a szabványos orvosi képformátumok kialakítása. A különféle eszközökön készült felvételek feldolgozását, összehasonlítását és hálózatban való továbbítását megnehezítette, hogy a gyártók a képeket csak egyéni, többé-kevésbé publikált formátumban tárolták. Ezen a helyzeten kívánnak változtatni különféle szervezetek olyan szabványok bevezetésével, amelyek speciálisan orvosi képek esetében lehetnek hasznosak. A szabványosítási törekvések eredményeként mára három nagy irányzat alakult ki: ACR-NEMA, DICOM és Interfile. Előadásunkban vázoljuk az orvosi képek tárolási formátumainál érvényesülő specifikus szempontokat, röviden ismertetjük az említett szabványokat és bemutatjuk az általunk eddig készített, a különféle formátumok közötti konverziót biztosító programokat. %B MEDICOMP '94, Számítástechnikai és kibernetikai módszerek az orvostudományban és a biológiában %I SZOTE %C Szeged %P 112 - 116 %8 1994/// %G eng %0 Book Section %B MEDICOMP '94, Számítástechnikai és kibernetikai módszerek az orvostudományban és a biológiában %D 1994 %T Szabványos képformák orvosi képek tárolására %A László Gábor Nyúl %A Antal Nagy %A Kálmán Palágyi %A József Tolnai %A Attila Kuba %E Zoltán Hantos %X Az orvosi képalkotó berendezések fejlődésével elengedhetetlennévált a szabványos orvosi képformátumok kialakítása. A különféle eszközökön készült felvételek feldolgozását, összehasonlítását és hálózatban való továbbítását megnehezítette, hogy a gyártók a képeket csak egyéni, többé-kevésbé publikált formátumban tárolták. Ezen a helyzeten kívánnak változtatni különféle szervezetek olyan szabványok bevezetésével, amelyek speciálisan orvosi képek esetében lehetnek hasznosak. A szabványosítási törekvések eredményeként mára három nagy irányzat alakult ki: ACR-NEMA, DICOM és Interfile. Előadásunkban vázoljuk az orvosi képek tárolási formátumainál érvényesülő specifikus szempontokat, röviden ismertetjük az említett szabványokat és bemutatjuk az általunk eddig készített, a különféle formátumok közötti konverziót biztosító programokat. %B MEDICOMP '94, Számítástechnikai és kibernetikai módszerek az orvostudományban és a biológiában %I SZOTE %C Szeged %P 112 - 116 %8 1994 %G eng %0 Generic %D 1992 %T Különböző tipusú számítógépes karakterkészletek összehasonlítása és konverziója %A László Gábor Nyúl %P - 39 %8 1992/// %G eng %0 Generic %D 1992 %T Különböző tipusú számítógépes karakterkészletek összehasonlítása és konverziója %A László Gábor Nyúl %P - 47 %8 1992/// %G eng